论多重结构下的农业转型:效率、外部性与价值重塑

On Agricultural Transformation Under Multiple Structure:Efficiency,Externality and Value Reconstruction

我国农业问题表现为供给结构问题,而实质是特定技术效率下资源配置为主的多重结构问题,在既成价值体系下凸显农业的"外部性",进而演变为深层次的社会分化问题。农业问题因背景环境变迁,便有新问题叠加其中,特别是伴随工业化进程的农业角色和作用变化,相关支持政策应对的问题有所侧重,因而从支持体系上来看,尤显政策的矛盾与混乱。文章研究发现,破解发展农业的结构困局在于澄清农业效率之争,农民增收、资本收益与国民福利孰重孰轻是发展农业之中心议题,统一价值体系下要素配置平衡是理解农业转型之核心要义。

Agriculture-related issues in China present themselves in the form of supply structure issues,but in essence they are multiple structural problems under certain technological efficiency,with resource allocation as the main one.Under the existing value system,these problems highlight the externality of agriculture,and then evolve into deep-seated issues of social differentiation.New problems emerge as a result of changing background for agriculture-related problems.Especially along with the process of industrialization,the role of agriculture sector is changing,leading to relevant supporting policies dealing with different problems.Therefore,viewed from the supporting system,there are contradictions and chaos among policies regarding agriculture.The study findings show that it lies in clarifying the controversy over agricultural efficiency to break the structural dilemma impeding agricultural development,and that which is the most important of the growth of peasants'income,capital gains or national welfare is the central issue regarding agricultural development and that furthermore,the balanced allocation of elements under the unified system of values is the essential to understand agricultural transformation.