“隐私”:现代社会的文明概念

Privacy: A Civilized Concept in Modern Society

中国的传统文化对于“隐私”性质的概念是排斥和贬低的，并很容易将其混同于“阴私”、“阴暗”、“丑陋”、“侮辱”、“亵渎”、“不正当性行为”及其他有伤风化的事。古代君子标榜“慎独”、“君子坦荡荡”、“吾一生无不可语人者”，追求的是“内圣外王”的光明文化人格，因而在很大程度上压抑了个人隐私发展的正当性和可能性。

In traditional Chinese culture, any ideas regarding the nature of privacy are easily related to things offending public decency, such as ＂shameful secret＂, ＂dark side＂, ＂ugliness＂, ＂indignity＂, ＂blasphemy＂, ＂extramarital affairs＂, and have therefore to be repudiated or belittled. Conventionally, men of noble character in ancient China admired confession, broad-mindedness and openness that allowed nothing to ever be concealed. In pursuing the ＂open-hearted personality＂ （characterized as ＂sageness within and kingliness without＂）, people＇s legitimate privacy was largely oppressed in almost every possible way. Surprisingly, there are no entries of ＂privacy＂ or ＂right of privacy＂ in the widely authorized Unabridged Dictionary （1989 Edition） in China.