不同日光温室后墙结构对冬季环境保温性能的影响

Influence of Different Solar Greenhouse Rear Wall Structure on Winter Environment

后墙结构对于温室保温性能起着至关重要的作用,该试验通过对比3种不同新型温室后墙结构对后墙热通量、温室内空气温度、湿度、土壤10cm处温度、光照强度及CO2浓度的影响,得出在冬季综合环境性能最优的温室后墙结构,为当地温室建造提供实践基础。结果表明:2号温室后墙结构具有较强的吸放热能力,累积蓄放热分别为140 286.8、-121 908.9 W·m-2;空气温度大小呈1号>2号>3号温室的趋势,1号温室月均值为18.05℃,较2号温室高0.17℃;空气湿度3号温室较高,均值达75.59%,较2号温室高10.56%,与1号温室差异不大;土壤温度3个温室差异不大;CO2浓度呈3号>1号>2号温室的趋势,3号温室CO2浓度月均值为1 098.94mg·L-1,较2号温室高77.12%,较1号温室高40.69%。2号温室光照强度月均值为7 255lx,较3号温室提高3.2%,较1号温室提高23.74%。综合分析可知,2号温室后墙结构可保障冬季温室内较高的空气温度、土壤温度及较适宜的空气湿度,同时,还具有较大的光照强度和适宜的CO2浓度。因此,冬季2号温室较其余2个温室更具生产优势。

It is important for greenhouse heat preservation performance with the wall structure.The effects of 3 kinds of different new wall of greenhouses structure on the wall heat flux,air temperature,humidity,soil temperature in 10 cm,light intensity and CO_2 concentration were compared,to choose the best wall structure in winter comprehensive environment,in order to provide a theoretical basis for the construction of local greenhouse.The results showed that the No.2 greenhouse structure had a strong of heat absorbing ability,which number was 140 286.8 W·m-2,-121 908.9 W·m-2.Air temperature had a trend of No.1〉No.2〉No.3,No.1 greenhouse monthly average was 18.05 ℃,which was the higher 0.17 ℃ than No.2 greenhouse.The air humidity average in No.3 greenhouse was highest,reached 75.59%,which was higher 10.56% than No.2 greenhouse,with little difference in No.1 greenhouse.There was no difference between the soil temperature of 3 greenhouse.The carbon dioxide concentration showed the trend of No.3〉No.1〉No.2,the monthly value of No.3 greenhouse reached 1 098.94 mg·L^（-1）,which was 77.12% higher than No.2 greenhouse,was 40.69%higher than No.1 greenhouse.No.2 greenhouse of light intensity monthly mean 7 255 lx,compared with the greenhouse No.3 increased by 3.2%,compared with the No.1 greenhouse increased by23.74%.No.2 wall of greenhouse structure could ensure higher air temperature and soil temperature and appropriate air humidity in winter,at the same time,also had high light intensity and suitable concentration of carbon dioxide,so the No.2 greenhouse had more production advantages.