猪伪狂犬病的诊断、防控及净化

Diagnosis,control and eradication of pseudorabies in pigs

伪狂犬病（Pseudorabies,PR）又名奥叶兹基氏病（Aujeszky disease,AD）,该病由伪狂犬病病毒引起的多种家畜和野生动物均可感染的一种以发热、奇痒（猪很少发生）、脑脊髓炎及生产母猪繁殖障碍为特征的急性传染病。伪狂犬病在加拿大、英国、新西兰等西方国家已进行了很好的防控和净化,并宣布了根除,但在我国多个省市,该病仍频繁地发生,给养猪业造成了巨大的经济损失,制约了养猪业的健康发展。为此,本文根据病毒特征、发病机制、流行特点和临床症状等,对猪伪狂犬病的诊断、防控及净化措施进行简要综述。

Pseudorabies（ PR）,also known as Aujeszky disease（ AD）,is caused by the pseudorabies virus which infects many breeds of livestock and wild animals with symptoms of fever,itching（ rarely occurring in pigs） and encephalomyelitis,and reproductive disorders in sows. This disease is characterized by acute infection. Pseudorabies has been well controlled and reported to have been eradicated in Western countries such as Canada,Britain and New Zealand. However,the disease still outbreaks frequently in many areas in China,causing huge economic losses to and hindering development of the pig industry in the country. This article is a summary of techniques for diagnosis,prevention and control,and eradication of PR based on the traits of virus,its pathogenesis,epidemic characteristics and clinical symptoms described in existing literature.