高钾血症患者血钾水平与心电图R／T比值的相关性分析

Correlation Regression Analysis of Serum Potassium Level and Electrocardiogram R/T Ratio in Patients with Hyperkalemia

目的:探讨高钾血症患者血钾水平(K^+)与心电图(ECG)R/T比值之间的相关性。方法:以2016年8月至2017年11月经急诊科处理入院的210例高钾血症患者为研究对象,并按照患者血钾水平分为A组(5.5mmol/L<K^+<6.5 mmol/L)、B组(6.5 mmol/L≤K^+<7.5 mmol/L)、C组(K^+≥7.5 mmol/L),每组各70例,测量ECG上R波振幅、T波振幅及换算R/T比值,然后作K^+与ECG R/T比值的相关性及回归分析。结果:K^+与ECG R/T比值呈现负相关,相关系数r=-0.840(P<0.01);不同程度高钾血症患者K^+与ECG R/T比值均呈现负相关,5.5mmol/L<K^+<6.5 mmol/L、6.5 mmol/L≤K^+<7.5 mmol/L和K^+≥7.5 mmol/L的相关系数分别为:-0.898、-0.776和-0.819,P均<0.01;K^+与ECG R/T比值的回归方程是K^+=7.051-0.595×ln(R/T)。结论:高钾血症患者的K^+与ECG R/T比值之间均具有明显负相关性,其回归方程为K^+=7.051-0.595×ln(R/T),可快速推算出患者的血清钾浓度,为高钾血症的快速诊断及降钾治疗提供依据。

Objective ： To explorethe correlation between the serum potassium level （K^＋） and the R/T ratio of electrocardiogram （ECG）in patients with hyperkalemia. Methods： 210 patients with hyperkalemia were selected from Aug 2016 to Nov 2017 menstrual emergency department in our hospital were treated as the research subjects, and according to the potassium level divided into group A （5.5 mmol/L 〈 K^＋〈 6.5 mmol/L, n=70）, group B （6.5 mmol/L~〈K^＋ 〈 7.5 mmol/L, n=70） and group C （ K^＋~〉7.5 retool/L, n=70）. Determining R wave amplitude and T wave amplitude of ECG and the con- version ratio of R/T. The correlation between the K^＋ and ECG R/T and the regression analysis were made. Results ： K^＋ and ECG R/T showed a negative correlation, r=- 0.840 （P 〈 0.01 ）. The levels of 5.5 mmol/L 〈 K^＋ 〈 6.5 mmol/L, 6.5 mmol/ L≤K^＋ 〈 7.5 mmol/L, K^＋≥7.5 mmol/L and ECG R/T were negatively correlated, r=-0.898, -0.776, -0.819, all P 〈 0.01, respectively. The regression equation of K^＋ and ECG R/T showed：K^＋=7.051-0.595×ln（R/T）. Conclusion：There is a significant correlation between the level of serum potassium and the ratio of ECG R/T in the patients with hyperkalemia, and the regression equation is K^＋=7.051-0.595×ln （R/T）. The level of serum potassium can quickly calculate by the R/T ratio of ECG, so as to provide evidence for the rapid diagnosis of hyperkalemia and the reduction of potassium.