小型环境舱-气相色谱-质谱法定性和定量分析塑胶跑道释放的挥发性有机化合物

Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of VOCs Released from Plastic Track by GC-MS Using a Small Environmental Chamber

选用1m^3环境舱模拟室外环境,对9块切割成500mm×800mm长方形的塑胶跑道样块分别进行挥发性有机化合物(VOCs)的释放(释放条件为温度60℃,相对湿度15%,气体交换率1h-1,换气量1 000L)和采集;并采用气相色谱-质谱法对所采集的VOCs进行定性和定量分析。结果表明:(1)所释放的VOCs达92种,分属7大类(包括烷烃、烯烃、炔烃、芳香烃、卤代烃、含氧类有机物和含氮类有机物),检出物中以烷烃和卤代烃为主;(2)92种VOCs单体的检出率均在55.56%以上;(3)各类VOCs的定量分析中,检出量最高的为烷烃,达146.50μg·m^(-3);(4)各VOCs单体平均检出量主要集中在3.00μg·m^(-3)以下,其中甲苯的最大检出量和平均检出量均最大,分别为63.10,36.46μg·m^(-3)。

By using an environmental chamber （1 m3） to simulate out-door environment, the emission of volatile organic compounds （VOCs） from 9 samples of plastic track, which were cut previously into rectangular sample cubes of 500 mm in width and 800 mm in length, was tested under the chamber conditions of 1 temperature：60℃; 2 relative humidity：15%; 3 gas exchange rate：1 h^-1 and 4 air exchange capacity：1 000 L. The released VOCs were collected and used as sample in the qualitative and quantitative analysis by GC-MS. As shown by the experimental results：（1） 92 compounds were found in the released VOCs, belonging to 7 categories of alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, arenes, halogenated hydrocarbons, oxygen containing organic compounds and nitrogen containing organic compounds. Alkanes and halogenated hydrocarbons were found to be the major components among the compounds determined; （2） rates of detection of the monomers of the 92 VOCs were found all greater than 55.56%; （3） in quantification of the VOCs, alkanes were found to have the highest detection amount of 146.50 μg·m^-3; （4） the average detection amount of monomers of various VOCs was confined mainly below 3.00 μg·m^-3, among which toluene was shown the have the highest detection amount and average detection amount of 63.10 μg·m^-3 and 34.46 μg·m^-3 respectively.