心肌梗死后左室重构发病机制进展

Progress in left ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction

急性心肌梗死(AMI)是威胁人类健康的重大疾病,心肌梗死(MI)后30 min,部分心肌细胞即发生不可逆的坏死,因此,MI有效救治的时间窗极为短暂,许多患者不能够得到及时有效的治疗,使得MI后心力衰竭(HF)的发生率仍然居高不下。最新调查研究表明,MI后1年HF的发生率约为14.2%。因MI后HF再次入院的患者,1年死亡率高达为45.5%。MI后HF的主要原因是部分心肌细胞坏死,左室重构,心脏扩张,继而引发HF。目前,MI后左室重构的机制尚未完全阐明。本文介绍了AMI后左室重构的发病机制主要进展。

Acute myocardial infarction is a major threat to human health. Cardiomyocytes develop irreversible death 30 minutes after myocardial infarction. Therefore, the time window of myocardial infarction treatment is very short. Many patients do not receive timely and effective treatment and, as a result, the incidence of heart failure after myocardial infarction is still high. The incidence of heart failure 1 year after myocardial infarction was about 14. 2%. In patients with heart failure after myocardial infarction, the 1 year mortality rate is 45.5%. The main pathogenesis of heart failure after myocardial infarction includes cardiomyocyte death, left ventricular remodeling, cardiac dilatation and subsequent heart failure. However, the mechanism of left ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction has not been fully elucidated. In this review, description of major research progress is discussed in the pathogenesis of left ventricular remodeling after acute myocardial infarction.