基于射频处理的胡麻生物脱胶工艺

Biological degumming of oil-flax fibers based on radio frequency treatment

为缩短胡麻纤维的脱胶周期,降低生产成本,提升可纺性,对胡麻纤维的脱胶工艺进行了优化,并将射频热处理应用到脱胶过程中。通过场发射扫描电子显微镜、白度测定仪和单纤维电子强力仪对胡麻纤维的表面形貌、白度、线密度和拉伸性能进行分析。结果表明,最佳的生物脱胶工艺为:处理温度45℃,p H值4.5,浴比1∶15,时间25 h,加酶量3 m L。射频处理显著提升了胡麻纤维的分散性,改善了纤维表面形貌。此外,随着射频处理时间的增加,胡麻纤维的细度显著降低,但过长的处理时间会降低纤维的结晶度,影响纤维的拉伸性能,因此最佳的射频处理时间为10~30 min。

In order to shorten the degumming cycle of flax fiber,reduce its production cost and improve its spinnability,the degumming process of oil-flax fiber was optimized,and the radio frequency heat treatment was applied to the degumming process. Surface morphology,whiteness,linear density and tensile properties of oil-flax fibers were characterized using field emission scanning electron micro-scopy,whiteness tester and electronic single fiber strength tester. The results show that the optimum biological degumming processes are as followed. The treatment temperature is 45 ℃,the pH value is 4. 5,the bath ratio is 1∶ 15,the treatment time is 25 h and the enzyme dosage is 3 mL. Radio frequency（ RF） treatment significantly improves the dispersability and morphology of oil-flax fiber. In addition,the fineness and linear density of the oil-flax fiber are significantly reduced with prologation of the RF treatment time. The overlong processing time reduces the crystallinity and affects the tensile properties of the fiber,so the best RF treatment time is 10-30 min.