端羟基聚丁二烯聚氨酯相变微胶囊的制备及其性能

Preparation and properties of hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene phase-change polyurethane microcapsule

为解决调温纤维纺丝过程中微胶囊易堵网的问题,利用端羟基聚丁二烯和六亚甲基二异氰酸酯的界面聚合反应制备以复配石蜡为芯材、聚氨酯为壁材的可形变相变微胶囊,借助激光粒度仪、扫描电子显微镜、傅里叶红外光谱仪、热分析仪等测试手段,研究了聚氨酯相变微胶囊的粒度及其分布、微观形貌、分子结构和芯材包覆率,并考察了其热稳定性、循环稳定性以及抗渗透性。结果表明:微胶囊的粒径分布集中在1~15μm,平均粒径为8μm,分散良好无黏连,表面圆整致密,具有较好的形变能力;差热分析显示包覆率为46.45%,相变潜热为121.13 J/g;微胶囊耐热温度为182℃,相比纯石蜡提高了29℃,经30次冷热循环仍保持良好稳定性,且有较高的抗渗透性。

In order to solve the problem that the spinnerets are often clogged during the spinning of temperature-adaptable fibers,phase-change microcapsules loaded with polyurethane as the shell and compound paraffin as the core were prepared. The microcapsules were synthesized by the interfacial polymerization of hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene and hexamethylene diisocyanate. The microcapsules were experimentally examined in their size and distribution, microscopic morphology, molecular structure,shell cover ratio,thermal stability and phase-changing behaviors by laser particle sizer,scanning electron microscope（ SEM）,Fourier transform infrared tests,differential scanning calorimetry tests（ DSC） and thermogravimetric tests. The results show that the microcapsules distribute within the range of 1-15 μm with an average particle size of 8 μm. SEM micrographs demonstrate that the deformable microcapsules have a regular spherical shape with good dispersion and no adhesion. DSC results indicate that the cover ratio of the microcapsules is 46. 45% and the phase change enthalpy is121. 13 J/g. Additionally, the microcapsules exhibit good anti-permeability and excellent thermal stability under 30 heating and cooling cycles and can withstand heat up to 182 ℃.