静电纺丝法宏量制备纳米纤维的研究进展

Overview on mass production of electrospun nanofibers

针对静电纺丝纳米纤维宏量制备过程中的技术问题,系统介绍了近年来国内外提高静电纺产量的最新进展、关键方法与核心技术。围绕多针头和无针头2大类宏量制备技术,具体介绍了多种宏量制备方法的原理、结构和特点,从产业应用和学术研究的角度分别对其进行比较,深入分析涉及到的多种宏量制备技术和装置的优缺点,以期推动静电纺丝法制备纳米纤维的产业化和多功能纳米纤维的深入研究。分析表明,无针头类静电纺丝具有电场均匀、产量高等优点,将是静电纺纳米纤维宏量制备技术发展的主要方向,但无针头类静电纺丝的机制、模拟和产业化应用仍需深入研究。

Aiming at the technical problems in mass production of electrospun nanofibers, latest progress,key methods and core technology for increasing the output of electrospinning in recent years both at home and abroad were systematically introduced including two major types of mass production technology,i. e.,multi-needle and needleless spinning. The principle,structure and characteristics of various mass production methods were presented. Comparing from the perspective of industrial applications and academic research,respectively,a deep analysis on the advantages and disadvantages of the devices involved to promote the industrialization of nanofibers by electrospinning and the deep research of multi-functional nanofibers was made. The results show that needleless electrospinning has the advantages of uniform electric field and high yield,which will be the main direction of the development for mass production of electrospinning nanofibers,but further study should be focused on the spinning mechanism,simulation and industrial applications.