步行交通规划交叉路口行人瞬时动态拥塞疏散模型

Transient dynamic congestion evacuation model of pedestrian at walk traffic planning crossroads

针对瞬时动态拥塞中交叉路口行人拥挤中存在较强相互力学作用,常规疏散方法缺少符合相互接触摩擦的力学多变瞬时动态特征的约束参数,几乎都以人群无接触为假设条件,导致疏散过程效率、稳定性和分布均衡度较差的问题,构建了基于元胞自动机的行人瞬时动态拥塞疏散模型,对其进行解决。在模型构建中对瞬时动态拥塞的力学约束参数进行获取,在力学参数约束下,将疏散时间较长路径的流量转移至最短路径上,利用元胞自动机求解疏散瞬时动态用户最优状态。仿真测试实验表明,该模型在多疏散口及单一疏散口进行分析时,交叉路口的行人拥挤疏散效率、行人服从疏散率和疏散分布均衡度均有提高,具有一定的优势。

In transient dynamic congestion,there is a strong interaction among the intersection pedestrian.The conventional mechanical evacuation method lacks friction constraint parameters with changeable instantaneous dynamic characteristics,and assumes that there is no contact among the pedestrian.This results in poor evacuation process efficiency,poor stability and poor distribution equilibrium degree.To solve the above problem,apedestrian transient dynamic congestion evacuation model based on cellular automata is proposed.First,the mechanical constraint parameters of the transient dynamic congestion are obtained.Then,under the constraint of these mechanical parameters,the traffic flow of the longer evacuation path is transferred to the shortest path.Finally,the cellular automata is used solve the transient dynamic optimal state of the user.Simulation results show that,applying the proposed model to multiple evacuation ports and single evacuation ports,the pedestrian congestion evacuation efficiency,pedestrian compliance rate and the equilibrium degree of evacuation distribution are improved.