506名老年患者口腔卫生状况调查及分析

Investigation and analysis of oral hygiene in 506 elderly patients

目的:通过现状调查来了解老年患者口腔健康状况,为今后在老年人口腔疾病预防方面提供指导参考。方法:临床上对506名前来就诊的老年患者进行口腔疾病治疗的同时,通过问卷调查了解老年患者口腔卫生行为,并通过临床检查来调查这些患者口腔健康的状况。结果:506例老年患者,从临床调查及检查结果显示:龋病、牙周病、楔状缺损、残根残冠、牙列缺损、牙列缺失在老年患者中检出率较高。其中患龋率占受检者70.36%;牙周病患病率占62.65%;楔状缺损占48.62%;残根残冠率35.97%;牙列缺损占70.95%;牙列缺失占7.71%。男性比女性的牙周病患病率、楔状缺损率、牙列缺损率高(P<0.05),而患龋率、残根残冠率、牙列缺失率男女间无显著性差异(P>0.05)。问卷调查中:早晚刷牙者占68.18%;每天刷一次者占20.95%;每天使用牙线或间隙刷者为4.35%;定期检查牙齿者占14.23%。男性比女性横向刷牙率高(P<0.05),其余各项男女间无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论:从506名老年患者的口腔卫生状况显示,老年人口腔疾病不容忽视,加强口腔健康宣传工作,提高老年人对口腔疾病的防控意识,定期口腔检查是非常重要的。

Objective： To understand the oral health status of the elderly patients by investigation and provide guidance for prevention of the elderly oral diseases. Method： In clinic, 506 elderly patients who came to visit were treated for oral diseases. Meanwhile, the oral hygiene behaviors of the elderly patients were investigated through questionnaires, and the oral health status of these patients was investigated through clinical examination. Result： According to clinical investigation and test results of the 506 cases of elderly patients, it shows that： dental caries, periodontal diseases, wedg-shaped defect, edentulism, dentition defect, happen frequently. The incidence of dental caries accounted for 70.36% of the subjects; the incidence of periodontal disease accounted for 62.65%; wedge-shaped defects accounted for 48.62%; dentition defect accounted for 70.95%; edentulism accounted for 7.71%. The prevalence of periodontal disease, wedge shaped defect and dentition defect rate were higher in males than in females （P〈0.05）, but there was no significant difference in caries rate, residual root and crown rate and dentition missing rate between male and female （P 〉0.05）. Questionnaire survey stated： morning and evening brushing accounted for 68.18%; brushing once a day accounted for 20.95%; the use of floss or gap brush were 4.35%; regular inspection of teeth accounted for 14.23%. Men are more likely to transverse brushing their teeth than women, there was no statistically significant difference between men and women in the other items （P〉 0.05）. Conclusion： Oral hygiene status of 506 elderly patients shows that oral disease of the elderly cannot be ignored. Strengthening oral health propaganda and improving the awareness of prevention and control of Stomatology is very important for the elderly.