Universal Method for the Prediction of Abrasive Waterjet Performance in Mining

极端采矿条件下的硬岩破碎可采用磨料水射流(AWJ)技术,这种技术能够在不产生粉尘的条件下有效切割难以机械加工的材料。这种技术还可用于爆破、本安和消防安全。就断裂力学而言,每一种可被破坏的材料均可被视为韧性或脆性材料。因此,需要找到一种无论使用AWJ对何种材料进行切割都能精确预测其效率的方法。该问题可通过能量守恒法加以解决,它显示了材料去除量与AWJ动能之间的比例。本文介绍了基于能量守恒法的预测方法,并提出如何达到最有效破坏水平的建议,以及关于涉及磨料流量与水流量、靶距和磨料颗粒粒径关系值的合理范围的建议。本文还提供了基于断裂力学的临时结构法确定材料破坏起始阈值条件的参数。

Abrasive waterjets （AWJs） can be used in extreme mining conditions for hard rock destruction, due to their ability to effectively cut difficult-to-machine materials with an absence of dust formation. They can also be used for explosion, intrinsic, and fire safety. Every destructible material can be considered as either ductile or brittle in terms of its fracture mechanics. Thus, there is a need for a method to predict the efficiency of cutting with AWJs that is highly accurate irrespective of material. This problem can be solved using the energy conservation approach, which states the proportionality between the material removal volume and the kinetic energy of AWJs. This paper describes a method based on this approach, along with recommendations on reaching the most effective level of destruction. Recommendations are provided regarding rational ranges of values for the relation of abrasive flow rate to water flow rate, standoff distance, and size of abrasive particles. I also provide a parameter to establish the threshold conditions for a material＇s destruction initiation based on the temporary-structural approach of fracture mechanics.