家长和教师参与家校合作的跨界行为研究--基于交叠影响域理论的经验模型

An Empirical Analysis Model for School-Family Partnerships: Overlapping and Heterogeneous Spheres

家庭与学校持续的、高质量的跨界行动可使学校、家庭和儿童等多方获益,但现实中的家校合作并非没有争议。本研究结合爱普斯坦的交叠影响域理论,通过拟合"江西省家校合作跟踪调查"2012和2015年的近24万份大样本数据,试图建立分析模型来分析家校跨界行动的程度和变化情况。研究发现,跨界域是家校合作行动差异度和强度的函数,在一定条件下,与行动的差异度负相关,与行动的强度正相关;学校在家校合作中起主导作用,跨界域的扩大主要由教师的工作强度增加导致,家长和教师行动强度和差异度不一致,导致双方在对方领地形成的跨界域大小不一。研究认为,当前家校合作工作的提升不能仅通过增加强度获得,更需要学校主动减少家校行动差异度:拓展双方一致的利益和立场,满足家长需求的多校化和个性化。

The Overlapping Spheres of Influence points out that schools, families and communities exert a superimposed influence on children＇s education and development, which is the basic theory for school-family partnerships. This paper constructs an empirical model, which can be used to calculate the magnitude and variation of overlapping sphere, and also explains the causes of variation. In the model, the spheres corresponding to overlapping sphere such as heterogeneous sphere and rising sphere are presented, which is an extension of the Overlapping Spheres of Influence theory. According to a large sample data of ＂Longitudinal Study on School-family partnership of Jiangxi＂, the model finds that parents and teachers have different tendencies and dominance in school-family partnerships. School plays a leading role, and influences teachers and parents＇ boundary-spanning behavior. Overlapping sphere is a function of dispersion degree and intensity degree, which is inversely proportional toaction heterogeneity, and positively related toaction intensity. Parents and teachers do not have the same intensity and diversity, which results in different overlapping spheres.The overlapping spheres of parents and teachers have expanded and the heterogeneous spheres have decreased, which proves that the practice of school-family partnerships is effective. Teacher＇s cross boundary action is the main contribution of overlapping spheres.The research indicates that school-family partnerships in China is more influenced by the intensity degree of schools＇ work, and the dispersion degree of parents＇ boundary-spanning action.