2016年泰安市疑似预防接种异常反应监测

Surveillance on adverse events following immunization,Tai'an city,2016

目的了解泰安市2016年疑似预防接种异常反应(AEFI)的流行病学特征,为进一步提高监测质量和安全接种提供参考依据。方法收集AEFI监测系统全部AEFI病例信息,采用描述性流行病学方法进行统计分析。结果 2016年泰安市接种单位AEFI报告覆盖率为100.00%,48小时报告和调查及时率分别为99.35%和90.00%。AEFI分类以一般反应为主(占97.82%),偶合症仅占0.65%,异常反应占1.53%,异常反应以麻疹疫苗相关病例为主。AEFI病例男女性别比为1.30∶1,6岁以下儿童占97.91%。按照所有疫苗接种剂次估算,AEFI报告发生率为53.64/10万剂,其中一般反应为52.47/10万剂,异常反应为0.82/10万剂,异常反应以脊灰灭活疫苗(Salk株)报告发生率最高。接种疫苗后93.35%AEFI者发生在1d以内,99.78%者痊愈或好转,死亡和有后遗症仅各1例。结论泰安市AEFI监测系统运转良好,监测的敏感性和质量稳步提升,仍有薄弱环节和薄弱地区。

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of suspected AEFI in Tai＇an city,so as to provide the basis for further improving the quality of surveillance and safe inoculation. Methods All the AEFI case data were collected from the AEFI surveillance system, and the descriptive epidemiological method was usedfor statistical analysis. Results In 2016, the coverage of AEFI in vaccination units in Tai＇an city was 100.00 %. The reporting and investigation timely rates in 48 hours were 99.35 % and 90.00 % respectively. The AEFI classification was mainly based on the general response （97.82%/）, with only 0.65% of complications and 1. 53% of abnormal reactions. The abnormal reaction was mainly related to measles vaccine. The male to female ratio of AEFI cases was 1.30 ： 1, children under 6 years old accounted for 97.91%. According to the estimated doses of all vaccinations, the incidence of AEFI was 53.64/10^5, of which 52.47/105 were normal and 0.82/10^5 for anomalous reactions. The poliovirus （Salk strain） reported the highest incidence. After vaccination 93.35 % AEFI occurred within 1 d, 99.78 % were cured or improved, death and sequelae were only 1 case. Conclusion The AEFI monitoring system in Tai＇an is in good condition, the sensitivity and quality of monitoring are steadily improved. There are still weak links and weak areas.