海洋在线水质生态观测系统研究进展

Advances in Study of Automatic Monitoring System for Seawater Quality

20世纪90年代以来,我国海洋环境污染尤其是近海环境污染日益严重,海洋突发性污染灾害逐年增加,海洋生态环境持续恶化,因此提高海洋生态环境监测能力,加强海洋生态环境保护迫在眉睫。目前我国对海洋水质生态环境要素的监测主要采用传统的人工现场采样和实验室仪器分析方法,时效性不足,技术价值低,无法应对变化迅速的海洋生态环境。因此,发展在线水质生态观测系统势在必行。通过对国内外海洋生态观测技术和监测系统研究现状进行总结,分析了我国海洋在线水质监测系统发展的必要性及需求性,并探讨了我国目前在该领域研究和应用中存在的问题及其发展趋势。

Marine environmental pollution, especially the coastal marine environmental pollution, is becoming more and more serious in China. As the marine ecological environment worsening, it is necessary to improve the ability of marine ecological environmental monitoring and strengthen the protection of marine ecological environment. At present, the seawater quality monitoring of ecological environmental elements mainly adopts the methods of traditional artificial field sampling and laboratory instrument analysis in China. Not only is the method lack of timeliness, but also the technological value is low. It is unable to meet the requirements of marine ecological environmental monitoring, thus developing automatic monitoring system for seawater quality is imperative. This paper described and summarized the advances in the study of automatic monitoring system and technology for seawater quality in the world, analyzed the necessity of the automatic seawater quality monitoring system development, and it also discussed the problems in present study and its development tendency in China.