4.0 Mt/a蜡油加氢裂化装置长周期运行分析

Analysis of long-term operation of a 4. 0 MM TPY heavy gas oil hydrocracking unit

中国海洋石油总公司惠州石化有限公司一期工程项目的 4.0 Mt/a蜡油加氢裂化装置是目前国内单套处理能力最大的加氢裂化装置,采用SHELL标准催化剂公司生产的催化剂。装置从2014年12月开始使用再生的催化剂(设计寿命为2 a),目前已经平稳运行了2 a。分析了再生催化剂的反应床层温度波动达6~8℃的原因,并提出将反应床层的温度波动范围控制在2℃以内的解决措施;分析了再生催化剂的容垢能力并提出床层压差控制措施,即将第1床层压差控制在30~60 k Pa;持续监控和评估催化剂性能,采取平衡各床层催化剂失活速率等措施,控制再生催化剂的失活速率最高不超过0.018℃/d。采取上述措施可确保再生催化剂能够长周期平稳运行4 a。

A 4.0 MM TPY heavy gas oil hydrocracking unit of CNOOC Huizhou Refining ＆ Petrochemi- cal Company is the hydrocracking unit with largest single train capacity in China at present. In this unit, cata- lysts from standard catalyst company have been applied. The unit began to use regenerated catalyst （2 years＇ design life） from December, 2014, and the unit has been operating stably for 2 years. The causes of tempera- ture fluctuation of reactor bed between 6 - 8 ℃ are analyzed. Solution measures have been proposed to control the temperature fluctuation in the reactor bed within 2℃. The fouling capacity of catalysts is analyzed and measures to control differential pressure of reactor bed are recommended ; The differential pressure of No. 1 re- actor bed is controlled at 30 -60 kPa. The catalyst performances are continuously monitored and evaluated. The measures have been taken to balance the deactivation rate of catalysts in each bed and control the deacti- vation rate of catalysts of no greater than 0.018 ℃/d. The regenerated catalyst is able to run smoothly for a long period of 4 years.