从基础科学到重大技术创新:基于合法性视角

From basic science to major technological innovation: A scope of legitimacy

学者们日益关注如何通过支持科学研究,在性能和效率上超越对手,实现产业核心技术的突破,以促进科学转化为创新。然而,从科学到创新是一个漫长的过程,现有文献对这个过程中合法性是如何体现的以及是否存在变化的研究却不够充分。为此,本文通过中国科学技术大学量子系统的相干控制技术纵向案例研究,以合法性形成过程的阶段特征和来源类型为研究主线,构建了资金要素（money）、机构要素（institution）、产业要素（industry）、科学家及团队要素（talent）的MIIT研究模型,分析了MIIT互动的行为、结果及其相互关系。研究发现：合法性过程中MIIT协同模式随主体行为角色、动机和方式的转变呈现动态演化特征;协同模式的演化发展提升了科学与技术研究能力;MIIT的互动直接形成认知合法性,进而通过促进科学与技术研究成果的显现和能力成长来形成规范合法性和规制合法性。本文的研究解析了从科学到创新合法性形成的微观机制,明确了合法性的演化特征,具有重要的理论指导和实践启示意义。

There are increasingly more studies about how to overpass rivals on quality and efficiency,make breakthrough in key industrial technology,and boost the conversion from science to innovation,by supporting the research of basic science. However,there are few studies about how to make scientific research acquire legitimacy and specifically what kind of legitimacy. Longitudinally focusing on the quantum technology according to the stage characteristics of legitimacy formation and the legitimacy bases,this study analyzed the relationships among money,institution,industry,and talent（ MIIT）,as well as their interactions and consequences. This study has two findings：（ 1） In the process of legalization,the interaction mode of MIIT alters with the change of subjects＇ role,motive,and behavior pattern; the evolution of the interaction mode enhances the research capability of science and technology; the interactions of MIIT directly lead to cognitive legitimacy,and the interactions helps to develop norm legitimacy and regulation legitimacy by boosting the research capability and outcome.（ 2） Legitimacy is a continuous variable,and there is a tendency that its extent and scope increase along the process of legalization. The main contribution of this study relies on the analysis of the micro mechanism of legitimacy formation and evolution,and the finding of legitimacy＇s evolution pattern.