英国脱欧对英超利益相关者的影响与启示

Impact of Brexit on Premier League's Stakeholders and Implications

英国历史文化中的"例外主义"欧洲观、欧盟在危机治理中的合法性缺失以及全球化和欧洲一体化带来的社会分化是导致英国脱欧的深层次根源。英国脱欧是对全球化和欧洲一体化的拒斥,与高度开放、多元包容、竞争与合作并存的英超发展战略相悖反。基于利益相关者理论、全球化理论和产业经济学知识,分析认为,英国脱欧将扩大"户口本政策"的影响范围,抬升国际球员赴英超踢球的门槛,提高英超俱乐部的人力资源成本和交易成本,人才挤出效应将消弱英超联盟的竞争力和影响力,短期内英国脱欧可能为国内球员创造更多机会,但长期影响指向负面,英超国际化进程受挫。英超利益相关者利益最大化的行动共识为扶持草根足球、提升青训水平、优化外援配额、拓展国际市场。英国脱欧触发的英超利益相关者的利益博弈与目标协同在各国职业足球发展中具有普遍性,对处于改革图存中的中国职业足球具有启示性。

The European visions of ＂exceptionalism＂ in British history and culture, the lack of legitimacy in crisis governance for European Union, and social differentiation brought by globalization and European integration constitute the source of Brex- it. The Brexit demonstrates a kind of rejection to globalization and European integration, being contrary to development strat- egy of Premier League. Based on the stakeholder theory, globalization theory and industry economics, the results show that Brexit will enlarge the influence of ＂labor permit policy ＂, raising the threshold of international players entering into the Premier League and increasing clubs＇ human resource cost and transaction cost, and crowding - out effect of talent players will weaken the competitiveness and influence of the Premier League. In the short term, Brexit may create more opportunities for home - born players, but its long - term effect will be negative. The synergistic action of stakeholders will be ： giving support to grass football, enhancing level of youth training, optimizing foreign player quota, and developing international market. The game and collaboration of the Premier League＇ s stakeholders triggered by Brexit bring some applications for the reform of China football.