多元化培训模式在ICU新入科护士培训中的应用效果

The application effect of diversity training model in ICU rookie nurse training

目的研究多元化培训模式在ICU新入科护士培训中的应用效果。 方法对皖南医学院第一附属医院ICU2014、2015年新入科护士采用床边操作示教、情景模拟、典型案例分析、专业组工作坊活动及临床目标护理管理实践等多元化的培训模式共24名为试验组，与2012、2013年新入科护士接受ICU专科理论与监护技能、仪器的操作使用等常规培训方法共22名为对照组进行效果比较。 结果试验组多元化培训考核的共同考核项目中心静脉压监测、人工气道吸痰、气管插管口腔护理、呼吸机操作使用、肠内营养操作使用、专科理论考核，以及科室的常规专科理论和技能考核、护理质量考核方面成绩分别为（95.29 ± 1.10）、（94.75 ± 0.99）、（94.96 ± 1.23）、（94.25 ± 1.19）、（95.38 ± 1.35）、（87.96 ± 4.01）、（88.33 ± 3.63）、（96.67 ± 1.44）、（96.3 ± 0.35）分，对照组分别为（92.14 ± 2.88）、（92.64 ± 2.34）、（92.97 ± 2.00）、（92.30 ± 2.55）、（93.75 ± 2.99）、（84.76 ± 5.44）、（82.29 ± 5.73）、（93.58 ± 1.89）、（90.22 ± 3.91）分，2组比较差异有统计学意义（t=-5.365~0.619，P〈0.01或0.05）；试验组新护士不良事件发生例次，医生、护生、患者及家属满意人数分别为13例、17人、293人、46人，对照组分别为32例、7人、94人、6人，2组比较差异有统计学意义（χ2=5.112~124.819，P〈0.05或0.01）。 结论多元化培训模式可使新入科的ICU护士快速掌握护理工作流程，熟悉ICU专科理论和监护技能，快速提升对危重患者的评估处理及救护配合等综合能力，能更快更好地胜任ICU护理工作，避免一些护理不良事件的发生，保证护理质量和患者安全，提高满意度。

ObjectiveTo study the effect of diversified training mode in the training of rookie nurses in ICU. MethodsA total of 24 ICU rookie nurses in 2014 and 2015 were trained with a variety of training methods such as bedside operation teaching, scenario simulation, case study analysis,workshop activities and clinical objective nursing management practices,compared with a total of 22 rookie nurses in 2012 and 2013 who were trained with routine methods such as ICU specialist theory and custody skills, the operation of the instrument using. ResultsThrough diversity training nurses in common assessment performance of the project such as central venous pressure monitoring, suctioning of artificial airway,oral intubation of tracheal intubation, operation of ventilator, operation of enteral nutrition, examination of specialist theory and routine department respectively were 95.29 ± 1.10, 94.75 ± 0.99, 94.96 ± 1.23, 94.25 ± 1.19, 95.38 ± 1.35, 87.96 ± 4.01, 88.33 ± 3.63, 96.67 ± 1.44, 96.3 ± 0.35. The scores of the new nurses who received the traditional training were 92.14 ± 2.88, 92.64 ± 2.34, 92.97 ± 2.00, 92.30 ± 2.55, 93.75 ± 2.99, 84.76 ± 5.44, 82.29 ± 5.73, 93.58 ± 1.89, 90.22 ± 3.91. The difference was statistically significant （t = -5.365-0.619, P 〈0.01 or 0.05）. Comparison of the incidence of adverse events and satisfaction of physicians,nursing interns,patients and their families between the two groups of new nurses in the difference was statistically significant （χ2=5.112-124.819, P 〈0.05 or 0.01）. ConclusionsThe diversified training model enables ICU rookie nurses to quickly get familiar with the workflow of nursing, grasp the specialist theory of ICU and custodial skills,rapidly improve comprehensive capabilities such as accessing and addressing critical patients and ambulance cooperation and such comprehensive capabilities, competent ICU nursing work faster and better to avoid the occurrence of some nursing adverse events, to ensure the quality of care and patient safety, and to improve satisfaction.