对外直接投资与城镇居民收入差距——基于微观个体数据的再检验

How Does Outward Foreign Direct Investment Affect the Individual Income Gap in China?

文章将行业层面对外直接投资数据匹配至中国城镇调查数据库,研究了我国对外直接投资对城镇居民收入差距的影响,发现我国对外直接投资显著地促进了居民收入水平的提升。同时发现我国对外直接投资对高技能劳动力收入水平的提升作用大于低技能劳动力,对男性收入水平的提升作用也要大于女性,即对外直接投资扩大了技能和性别收入差距。另外,相对于制造业员工,我国对外直接投资对服务业员工工资水平的促进作用更为显著;相对于低收入群体,对中高收入群体的促进作用更大。此外我国对外直接投资对工资水平提升作用和工资差距拉大作用正在逐年增强。

Matching the data of outward foreign direct investment （OFDI） at the industry level with the urban individual income data in the China Household Income Project （CHIP）, this paper is intended to investigate into the impact of China＇s OFDI on the urban individual income gap. The results reveal that China＇s OFDI significantly increases the individual income, leading to a greater pay raise for high- skilled individuals and males than for low-skilled ones and females. It is safe to conclude that China＇s OFDI widens the income gap in terms of skill level and gender. The outcomes also indicate that China＇s OFDI creates a more significant pay bump in the tertiary more than in the primary industry. The same applies to the income classes, with a more income increase among the middle and upper classes than among the lower class. In addition, China＇s OFDI is playing an increasingly bigger role in income surge, and the income gap is growing as well year by year.