经典电偶极子在交变电场下的运动

Movement of Classic Dipoles Under Alternating Electric Field

对受弹性恢复力约束的经典电偶极子在交变电场作用下的运动进行了研究,考虑了偶极子粒子由于加速运动而激发的电场对偶极子运动的影响。通过对低速运动带电粒子激发的电磁场及所受电磁阻尼力的分析,建立偶极子运动方程并求解,分析了偶极子在交变电场中的运动特点。结果表明:偶极子粒子在轴向和横向上的运动除随外场的振动外,还存在衰减和不同相位的运动分量。同时,对偶极子在静场或准静场条件下的转向特征进行了讨论,证明其转向速度与偶极子初始运动状态及偶极矩与外场夹角相关。

The classic dipole movement under alternating electric field was discussed with bond of elastic recovery force,and the influences from the excited electric fields by the dipole acceleration movement were considered. By solving the motion equations,the behaviors of dipole demonstrate that the dipole is forced to move in company with the external electric field while some attenuation and phase difference components exist. The redirection of the dipole moment was also investigated when electrostatic field or quasi-electrostatic field was applied. The velocity of dipole redirection varies with its initial conditions and the angle between the direction of field and dipole moment.