性别观念传统化回归对家庭地位满意度的影响

The Effect of Revival of Traditional Gender Attitude on Family Status Satisfaction

近年来,伴随着经济社会的快速发展,我国离婚人数与离婚率在不断上升,与此同时人们的性别观念却在向传统模式回归。夫妻对家庭地位满意度的提升有助于婚姻的稳定与和谐。那么,性别观念的传统化回归将怎样影响夫妻间的相对家庭地位?个体实际家庭地位与其性别观念的匹配是否可以促进其对家庭地位的主观满意程度?运用第三期中国妇女社会地位调查数据,对性别观念之于家庭地位及其满意度的影响进行实证研究发现:性别观念确实影响着夫妻间的相对家庭地位,随着我国目前性别观念向传统观念的回归,夫妻间实际家庭地位也在向传统回归。性别观念本身除了性别能力观念平等有利于提高家庭地位满意度外,性别分工观念对家庭地位满意度并没有显著影响,夫妻对婚后家庭地位的满意程度受到性别观念和家庭地位的交互影响。若夫妻性别观念与实际家庭地位一致,则对家庭地位的满意程度较高;反之,若性别观念与家庭地位不一致,则对家庭地位的满意程度较低。因此,在性别观念向传统回归的趋势下,夫妻实际家庭地位与性别观念相匹配将有利于维护家庭和谐稳定。

The divorce rate keeps increasing in recent years in China with its rapid economic development and social changes, and meanwhile Chinese people＇s gender attitude seems returning to the traditional pattern. The improvement of wife-husband family status satisfaction is conducive to the marriage stability. How would the returning of the traditional gender attitude influence the wife-husband family status？ What is the relationship between the wife-husband family status satisfaction and the marriage stability？ Based on the data of the Third National Women＇s Status Survey in 2010, this paper analyzed the relationship between the traditional gender ideology and the couple＇s attitude towards their family status. The result showed that the husband and wife＇s family status was affected by their gender attitudes. The husband-wife family sta- tus satisfaction is affected by their differentiated gender attitudes. Differentiated attitudes towards gender ability impacted the wife-husband family status satisfaction more significantly than the other factors. Therefore, a harmonious relationship between the wife-husband family status and their gender attitudes would be beneficial to a harmonious and stable marriage and family.