马克思历史哲学的具体化维度探析

An Analysis of the Specific Dimension of Marx's Historical Philosophy

马克思的历史哲学打破了"唯心史观"的思辨模式,摒弃了"普遍历史"的传统观念,进而决定性地开启了"具体化分析"的研究路径。一般地讲,"吃喝住行"构成了人类活动的前提,"劳动实践"是历史创造的现实基础,但这貌似浅显的常识并没能真正嵌入传统历史哲学的理论分析框架。正是在这里,马克思的历史哲学实现了革命性突破。根据马克思的历史观,历史哲学根本无法提供"应用于"任何时代的抽象公式,而仅仅能够提供"具体化"研究的方法,进而言之,马克思的社会形态理论并不是必须遵循的"客观规律",而仅仅是供人们借鉴的"科学概括"的研究案例。

Marx's historical philosophy sees through the speculation of"idealism",abandons the traditional concept of"universal history",decisively opens the research path of"specific analysis".Generally speaking,"eating,drinking and living"constitutes the prerequisite of human activity,and the"labor practice"is the realistic foundation of historical creation.However,this seemingly superficial common sense does not really embed the theoretical analysis framework of traditional historical philosophy.It is here that Marx's philosophy of history has achieved a revolutionary breakthrough.According to Marx's view of history,the historical philosophy can not provide the abstract formula of"apply to"any time,but only can provide the method of"concrete"research,and then,the theory of social formation of Marx is not the"objective law"to be be followed,rather it is only the case of"scientific generalization"we draw lessons upon.