洛南县核桃芽接技术试验

Bud Grafting Experiment of Walnut in Luonan

为解决洛南县核桃芽接成活率低的技术问题,进行了6个芽接成活率单因素影响试验,结果为,嫁接后晴2~7d的嫁接成活率平均为44.7%~95.7%,嫁接后晴7d者最高,嫁接时应选择嫁接后有6d以上晴天的时段嫁接;6月10日到7月10日嫁接成活率都在90%以上,显著高于其他时期,是嫁接最佳时期;砧木、接穗的不同木质化程度的嫁接成活率分别为56.7%~94.0%和44.7%~95.7%,都是半木质化显著高于木质化和未木质化,芽饱满的接穗嫁接成活率为96.0%,显著高于芽瘦小不饱满的接穗(79.0%),嫁接时应选择半木质化的砧木和芽饱满、半木质化的接穗;嫁接前和嫁接后应选择50%甲基托布津、70%甲基硫菌灵、铜大师、中生菌素、72%农用链霉素等药剂,采取预防3次、防治3次(或2次)方式,进行主要病害—黑斑病的防治。

To solve the problem of low survival rate through bud grafting,six single factors were experimented with bud grafting.The result showed that bud survival rate with those grafting after 2 to7 clear days ranged from 44.7% to 95.7%,highest with 7 clear days,which indicates 6 above clear days to be the best time for grafting.Survival rate with those grafted from 10 th June to 10 th July reached over 90%,superior to other periods significantly.Varied degrees of lignification of root stock and scions resulted in survival rate ranged from 56.7%~94.0% and 44.7%~95.7%,semi-lignification superior to full lignification or un-lignification.Survival rate with plump buds reached 96.0%,superior to small buds（79.0%）,which indicates semi-lignification root stock and scions with plump buds are best choice.Before grafting and after grafting,use of 50%thiophanate methyl,70%thiophanate-methyl,Zhongshengmycin and 72% streptomycin three times were recommended for control black dot disease.