美国工程伦理教育的历史概况、教学实践和发展趋向

American Engineering Ethics Education: History, Teaching Practices and Development Trends

美国工程伦理教育既重视工程专业知识和实践能力,又重视职业道德和社会责任感,旨在培养多学科视角和高社会责任感的21世纪工程型人才。美国工程伦理教育在具体教学实践中探索出了独立课程模式、跨课程模式、工程伦理和非技术课程的结合模式等课程模式和团队教学法、案例教学法、基于社区的服务学习法等教学方法。然而,面对现代工程活动自然和社会影响日趋复杂深远的社会情境,美国工程伦理教育还需要从教学的内容、方法、对象和评价等方面谋求发展变革。

American engineering ethics education attaches great importance both to engineering professional knowledge and practical ability and to professional ethics and social responsibility, so as to train engineering talents in the 21 st century who have a multidisciplinary perspective and a high sense of social responsibility. American engineering ethics education has explored some teaching modes such as independent curriculum, integrated curriculum, and the combination of engineering ethics and non-technical courses, and formed some typical teaching methods such as team teaching, case teaching and community-based service learning. However, American engineering ethics education still needs to undertake further reforms in teaching contents, methods, objects and education evaluation.