根际微生物-植物-病毒-介体昆虫多元互作研究进展

Research Progress on Multipartite Interactions Among Rhizosphere Microbe-Plants-Virus-Vector Insect

近年来各种农作物病虫害的频发,以及化肥、农药滥用带来的系列农业问题的加剧,迫切需要更加环保可持续的方法实现绿色植物保护。植物病毒导致植物严重病害,素有"植物癌症"之称,因其难于防治,高度依赖化学农药防治介体昆虫。农业生态系统中,作物已有的精密调控机制,维持其与周围各种有害或有益生物进行信息交流并成功在复杂的生境中成长,病害的爆发与控制是植物-病原-昆虫之间的抗性节制-反制的博弈过程。植物在整个生活史中与生境中各种生物发生多种相互作用并彼此联系,这些互作利于或不利于其生长发育及繁殖。探索研究利用植物根际微生物群落(Microbiota),提升植物抗虫传病毒病害能力的多元生物互作机制,有助于更好的保护植物健康,提高生态文明。从介绍植物-根际微生物、植物-病毒、植物-昆虫、植物-病毒-昆虫四个互作的子系统研究现状入手,揭示目前所知的各个分系统互联互通的分子机制,并讨论围绕植物根际微生物组进行多元互作研究的趋势及重要意义,以期对有关植物与周围生物互作做较为全面和系统的介绍,从而为基于多元互作机制寻找绿色、可持续的治理植物虫传病害策略提供参考和启发新思路。

In recent years,the frequent outbreak of varied diseases in agricultural crops,as well as the abuse and irrational use offertilizers and pesticides have resulted in more severe agricultural issues,so that urgently needs more environmentally friendly and sustainablemethods to achieve green plant protection. Plant viruses lead to severe damages to plants,which has been called as ＂cancer of plant＂ duoto extreme difficulties on its prevention and control and highly depending on the chemical pesticides to control vector insects. Crops in theagricultural ecosystem have evolved fine regulating mechanisms to maintain the information exchanges with surrounding harmful or beneficialorganisms,and thus successfully grow well in the complex habitat. The outbreak and control of disease is the game process of resistanceabstinence-counter among plant-pathogen-insect. Throughout their life cycle,plants interact and interconnect with a variety of organismsin habitats,which are conducive to or detrimental to their growth,development and reproduction. Exploring and studying the multipartiteinteraction mechanism of utilizing the plant rhizosphere microbiota to improve the resistances of plants against insect-transmitted diseasesis conducive to better protecting plant health and increasing ecological civilization. Here we started to introduce research progresses on 4 interactive subsystems of plant-rhizosphere microorganisms,plant-virus,plant-insects,and plants-insects-virus,then exploited the knownmechanisms of interconnections of all subsystems,and further discussed the trends and significances of having multipartite interactions on plantrhizosphere microbiota. Our aims are to completely and systematically understand interactions between plants and surrounding organisms,andthus to provide references and find new ideas in seeking green and sustainable measures of controlling plant insect-vector diseases based on themultipartite interaction mechanisms.