春运期间铁路旅客的安全感调查研究

A Survey Research on Railway Passengers' Sense of Security during the Spring Festival Travel Rush

保障旅客安全是铁路运输的重中之重,而铁路旅客的安全感直接反映安全工作是否到位。为研究春运期间铁路旅客对于列车的安全感,以及旅客安全感、不安感的来源等问题,利用随机抽样调查的方法,对2017年春运期间开行的8趟旅客列车的521名旅客进行问卷调查。利用SPSS20.0统计软件,对不同旅客群体的安全感现状进行分析;基于问卷调查数据,通过德尔菲法建立铁路旅客安全感来源因素与不安感来源因素模型,对旅客的安全感和不安感来源进行分析。分析结果显示,旅客总体对列车的安全感较高;列车乘务人员的安全工作到位是旅客安全感的最大来源;春运期间列车超员是引发旅客不安感的最大来源。最后根据调查结果提出相关建议,为铁路春运安全提供借鉴。

Regarded as the top priority in railway transportation, passenger safety is reflected by their sense of security. This paper is designed to study railway passengers＇ sense of security or insecurity during the Spring Festival travel rush and find out the reasons behind. Through using a questionnaire, the authors randomly sampled 521 passengers on eight trains operated during the rush in 2017. The SPSS20.0 statistical software is adopted to analyze the sense of security among different passenger groups. With the data collected from the questionnaire, this paper uses Delphi method to build a factor model that analyzes the sources of passengers＇ sense of security or insecurity. The paper concludes that passengers feel safe on the trains where the crew have their jobs done well while the overloading of passengers poses a major threat to security. These findings are expected to serve as reference points for managing passenger transportation during the rush.