基于组合拍卖的B2C电商物流配送研究

A Study on Combinatorial Auctions of B2C E-Commerce Logistics

随着B2C电商网上购物的盛行,物流配送成为电商运营瓶颈,物流供需不平衡导致第三方物流间的竞争愈加激烈。在电商运营过程中,物流成本占整体成本比重较大。在B2C电商环境下,根据电商物流配送特征引进VCG和PDV 2种拍卖机制,对B2C电商产生的交易订单进行组合拍卖,由第三方物流完成运输配送服务,在VCG拍卖的基础上运用原始对偶算法解决竞拍获胜者的决策问题,实现PDV拍卖。在拍卖模型中,运用矩阵表示合理分配情况,实现电商物流成本最小化、第三方物流效益最大化和资源合理分配。通过2种拍卖算例分析得出,在拍卖过程中对于第三方物流来说PDV较VCG拍卖更占优势,第三方物流可以在获利更多的情况下,泄露更少的竞拍信息。

Logistics costs account for a big part of the total costs of the booming e-commerce. But with excessive supply of third-party logistics outsourcing service in the market, logistics impedes e-commerce＇s further development. This paper puts forwarded an auction model based on VCG and PDV to outsource delivery service of B2 C e-commerce orders. With this model, on the basis of a VCG auction, the winning bidders can be picked up by using the primal dual algorithm, which is actually a PDV auction process. In this model, a matrix is used to lower the logistics costs paid by e-commerce suppliers to increase profits earned by third-party logistics providers and to allocate the resources rationally. With a case analysis under the two auction types, this paper concludes that PDV auctions proves more effective than VCGs from the third-party logistics providers＇ perspective since they can make more profits and reveal less information.