托马斯·哈代《声音》——抒情诗的叙事学分析

Thomas Hardy's “The Voice”: The Narratological Analysis of Lyric Poetry

本文实践叙事学研究以阐明《声音》所牵涉的时间结构,并解释其功能。两个叙述序列的内在联系,即一方面按时间顺序进程展开的对过去爱情关系的回忆,这一关系的疏远和最终丧失;另一方面,则是在反向时间顺序的想象中重述对这一回忆的体验,追寻爱情关系从最初的幸福时光到逐渐恶化的发展。两个序列以时态、表现模式和它们在诗歌背景中的位置而加以区分:重新找回并浓缩的过去的故事镶嵌在眼下的叙述中,成为一个正在进行的回忆过程。诗歌的事件结构也是复杂的,两个序列都有否定性的事件。试图恢复幸福的过去,作为一个渴望中的有意义的积极转折,在失望和沮丧中结束,结果,回忆的过程引起抒情人更强烈地意识到他现在的凄凉和衰落。对失望和自我意识的强调可以归类为现代主义的特征。

This article practices a narratological approach to unravel and clarify the involved temporal structure of ＂The Voice＂and define its function： the interconnection of two narrative sequences,namely,on the one hand,the chronological process of recollecting a past love-relationship ending in estrangement and loss and,on the other,the counter-chronological imaginative re-telling of this recollected past experience,tracing the deteriorating development of the love-relation back to its happy beginnings. The two sequences are distinguished by tense and mode of presentation as well as by their position within the setup of the poem：the recovered,condensed story of the past is embedded in the present narrative,the ongoing process of recollection. The event-structure of the poem is complex,too,featuring negative events in both sequences：The attempt at recovering the happy past,as a desired positive eventful turn,ends in disillusionment and frustration and,as a consequence,the process of recollection results in the speaker＇s heightened awareness of his present desolation and decline. The emphasis on disillusionment and self-consciousness can be classified as modernist features.