8个矮牵牛品种抗旱性综合评价分析

Comprehensive Evaluation and Analysis of Drought Resistance of 8 Petunia Cultivars

以常用的8种绿化地被矮牵牛(Petunia hybrida)品种为材料,在盆栽条件下测定8个品种不同水分梯度下植株的净光合速率、蒸腾速率、水分利用率、相对含水量、叶绿素含量、超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶和过氧化氢酶等生理指标的变化,同时观察其形态变化。之后利用隶属函数对8个品种耐旱性进行综合评价。结果表明,随着干旱程度的增加各个品种开花率、花径大小、植株高度、净光合速率、蒸腾速率、相对含水量和叶绿素含量均呈逐渐降低的趋势;水分利用率出现先增加后降低的趋势,SOD、POD和CAT酶活性、丙二醛含量和可溶性蛋白含量逐渐升高。根据隶属函数值比较8个品种矮牵牛的抗旱性大小,依次为3号>6号>4号>2号>5号>1号>8号>7号。这为矮牵牛抗旱的筛选提供参考,为抗旱育种和园林应用提理论依据。

The drought resistance of 8 varieties of Petunia hybrida was studied under the simulated drought conditions. Physiological indexes were measured, such as net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, water use efficiency, the content of relative water, chlorophyll, malondialdehyde, soluble protein, the activities of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase and catalase in the leaves. Combined with morphological indicators, the comprehensive evaluation on drought resistance was conducted by subordinate function. The results showed that the flowering rate, flower diameter, plant height, net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate and the content of relative water, chlorophyll decreased with the decrease of soil relative water content, water use efficiency increased first and then decreased. The activities of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase and catalase increased. By subordinate function analysis,it was concluded that the drought resistance of 8 varieties decreased in the order of 3〉 6〉 4〉 2〉 5〉 1〉 8〉 7. These results would provide reference for the application of 8 P. hybrida cultivars,and lay the foundation for drought resistant breeding of P. hybrida.