高浓度乙烯利刺激诱导橡胶树死皮发生过程中的胶乳生理研究

Latex Physiological Characteristics during Tapping Panel Dryness(TPD)Occurrence Induced by High-Concentration Ethrel Stimulation in Hevea brasiliensis

采用高浓度乙烯利刺激诱导橡胶树死皮的发生,通过测定死皮发生动态变化过程中胶乳产量、干胶含量及胶乳硫醇、无机磷、蔗糖、黄色体破裂指数等生理参数的变化,阐明橡胶树死皮发生机理。结果表明,乙烯利刺激后,割线由排胶正常逐渐发展为割线内缩,乃至死皮出现。在死皮发生过程中,除黄色体破裂指数呈先下降后上升趋势外,其余各指标均呈先上升后下降趋势。当割线出现内缩症状时,胶乳产量、干胶含量及硫醇、无机磷、蔗糖含量显著提高(P<0.05),达最大值,分别为228.20mL、39.09%、1.56mmol/L、32.76mmol/L和58.10mmol/L,此时,黄色体破裂指数下降至最低值14.27%。随后,胶乳产量、干胶含量及硫醇、无机磷、蔗糖含量又逐渐下降,死皮出现时分别为30.20mL、22.11%、0.66mmol/L、23.28mmol/L和25.41mmol/L,而此时黄色体破裂指数显著上升至最大值33.69%。此外,粗酶液蛋白含量和胶乳pH值在死皮发生过程中也发生明显变化。综上所述,高浓度乙烯利刺激诱导橡胶树死皮发生过程中,胶乳黄色体破裂指数、硫醇、无机磷、蔗糖等生理参数发生显著变化,与橡胶树死皮发生密切相关。

The high concentration ethrel was used to stimulate and induce the tapping panel dryness （TPD） occurrence of Hevea brasiliensis in this study. The latex yield and dry rubber content,the physiological parameters such as the latex thiol,inorganic phosphorus, sucrose contents, lutoid bursting index were determined during TPD occurrence to lay a theoretical foundation for the illumination of TPD mechanism in rubber tree. The results showed that the latex flowing lines were found to gradually shrink inward, seriously inward,and then TPD appeared after ethrel stimulation. The lutoid bursting index had a trend of first decreasing and then increasing during TPD occurrence. The other parameters all first rose and then dropped. When the latex flowing lines shrunk inward, the latex yield, dry rubber, latex thiol, inorganic phosphorus and sucrose contents significantly increased （P〈0.05） ,and reached the maximum of 228.20 mL,39.09%, 1.56 retool/L,32.76 mmol/L,58.10 mmol/L,respectively. At this time the lutoid bursting index declined to the minimum of 14.27 %. Subsequently the latex yield,dry rubber,latex thiol,inorganic phosphorus and sucrose contents gradually decreased, and were 30.20 mL, 22.11%, 0.66 mmol/L, 23.28 mmol/L, 25.41 mmol/L, respectively when TPD appeared. The lutoid bursting index significantly rose to the maximum of 33.69 % at this point. In addition,the crude enzyme liquid protein content and latex pH changed during TPD occurrence. The results demonstrated that the physiological parameters of latex lutoid bursting index, thiol,inorganic phosphorus and sucrose had obvious changes during TPD occurrence induced by high-concentration ethrel stimulation and were closely related with TPD in H. brasiliensis.