东欧转型30年的制度变迁反思--以《代顿协议》后波黑社会发展为例

A Reflection on the 30-year Institutional Transformation in Eastern Europe: From the Perspective of the Social Development of Bosnia and Herzegovina after the Dayton Peace Accords

每个社会的运行都伴随着由国家和公民集体创建和执行的一系列经济和政治规则。理想的制度安排被认为很大程度上取决于特定的环境,包括地理、文化、历史变迁、政治经济以及其他初始条件所造成的差异。从所谓成功的西方市场经济向欠发达地区移植正式的政治和经济规则,违反了制度变迁过程中要求的逐步进化、历史背景和制度互补原则,不足以使其产生更好的经济表现。波黑的制度框架和内部结构是一个战争的政治结果,是被强加的制度实验,没有与其经济、历史、文化传统或任何其他理性的基础相关。因此,这种不合理的制度的后果是灾难性的。

The operation of each society is coupled with a series of economic and political rules collectively built up and executed by the nation and the citizens. Commonly acknowledged, an ideal design for institution largely depends on a specific atmosphere which includes differences resultedfrom geography, cultures, historical changes, politics, economy and other initial conditions. Transplanting formal economic and political rules from so-calledsuccessful western market economy to underdeveloped regions runs counter to the principles of gradual development, historical background and institutionalcomplementation in the course of institutional evolution, far from bringing about better economic effects. The institutional framework and internal structure is apolitical consequence brought by wars as well as a strengthened institutional experiment, irrelevant to its economic, historical, cultural traditions or any other rational factors. Hence, the consequence for this irrational institution is devastating.