中晚熟鲜食黄桃新品种‘锦枫’的选育

A new mid-late ripening yellow peach cultivar 'Jinfeng'

‘锦枫’是以‘锦绣’(‘白花’ב云暑1号’)为母本、‘沪10-17蟠桃’为父本(黄肉)杂交选育出的中晚熟鲜食黄桃新品种。果实形状近圆,果皮底色为黄色,果面茸毛中,果肉黄色,肉质致密,风味甜,香气浓;平均单果质量202~214 g,最大单果质量365 g,果形指数0.93~1.01;黏核。可溶性固形物含量(ω)12.2%~14.5%,硬度7.28 kg·cm^(-2),品质上。果实生育期115~125 d,在上海地区(东经120°52′~122°12′,北纬30°40′~31°53′)7月下旬成熟。萌芽率中,成枝力中。花为蔷薇型,无花粉。抗逆性、抗病性强。货架期5 d,冷藏20 d。适合上海周边地区栽培,第3年开花结果,丰产性中等。

‘Jinfeng＇is a mid-late ripening yellow peach with excellent appearance. The seeding was derived from a cross between‘Jinxiu＇and‘Hu10-17 pantao＇in 1998 at the experimental field. It was initially selected in 2003 for its large size and good taste. After regional adaptability testing at three sites（including Zhuanghang of Fengxian, Xinhai of Chongming and Fengjing of Jinshan） over seven years from 2009 to 2015, it was finally selected in 2015. This species is a tall tree, attaining a height of 3 m,the tree is vigorous with ramose crown and open tree gesture. Leaf is elliptic, acuminate and sharply serrated, with size of 20.43 cm long and 4.47 cm wide. Flower is pink, pedicel villous and sterility. Fruit is mainly round, has yellowish-red peel. Its flesh is yellow, middle juice, fine texture and aroma. The average fruit weight is 202-214 g, and the maximum fruit weight is 365 g. Fruit shape index is about 0.93-1.01, and it is clingstone. The content of soluble solid is 12.2%-14.5%, firmness is 7.28 kg· cm^（-2）, and fruit quality is excellent. The fruit development period is 115-125 d and it matures in late July in Shanghai area. The number of inflorescence, proportion of fruit branches, germination rate and branching ability of this cultivar are generally high. It is resistant to drought and anthracnose. The fruit has short storage-life, cold storage life is 20 days and shelf life is 5 days, the fruit aroma is quite strong after storage.Suitable cultivation area is around Shanghai, this cultivar can bear fruits three years after planted, has high yield potential. Orchard should choose neutral flat sandy soil that has ability of moisture and fertilizer retention. Spacing in the rows and spacing between rows are 4 m×5 m. The configuration of pollinizer is pollen from fertility peach or nectarine. Pruning includes pinching, bending and back spune,aiming at controlling tree size and maintaining tree vigor.