江苏里下河地区农业面源污染防治对策研究与示范

Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution in Lixiahe Area, Jiangsu:The Prevention Countermeasures

旨在促进生态农业发展及为农业面源污染的防治提供有效对策。笔者从种养一体化布局、减施化肥、控施化学农药等方面开展的区域性面源污染防治研究与示范技术、效果进行总结,提出了江苏里下河地区农业面源污染防治的三大对策:一是实施绿色种养的生态农业模式,创建和完善了基于农牧、林牧、农(林)牧渔、以及"四水"(水稻、水产、水禽和水生蔬菜)绿色种养的4类18种生态农业模式,研究集成了配套技术体系,制定了16项地方标准,形成了里下河地区绿色种养技术标准体系并示范推广;二是构建了基于绿色种养的绿色施肥技术体系;三是构建了基于绿色种养的病虫草害绿色防控技术体系。对推动本地区生态农业的发展、实现农业面源污染的根本防治起到了示范带动作用。

The paper aims to promote the development of ecological agriculture and provide effective countermeasures for prevention and control of agricultural non-point source pollution. The authors summarized technologies and effects of prevention, control and demonstration of regional non-point source pollution from aspects such as integrated layout of planting and breeding, reduction of fertilizer application and control of chemical pesticide, and put forward 3 main countermeasures for prevention of agricultural non-point source pollution in Lixiahe area, Jiangsu. Firstly, implementing eco-agricultural pattern of green planting-breeding, creating and completing 4 types and 18 kinds of eco-agricultural patterns of green planting-breeding which were based on agriculture and pasture, forestry and grazing, agriculture, forestry and fishery, and ＂four hydrophilies＂ （rice, aquatic product, waterfowl and aquatic vegetables）, also completing integrated supporting technology system, working out 16 provincial standards and forming technical standard system of green planting- breeding, which were demonstrated and popularized in Lixiahe area, Jiangsu. Secondly, establishing technical system for green-fertilization based on green planting-breeding. Thirdly, building green technical system for disease pest and weed control on account of green planting-breeding. These countermeasures could accelerate the development of local eco-agricuhure and realize the prevention of non-point source pollution at root.