商事登记制度改革背景下我国市场监管根本转型探论

Research on the China’s Fundamental Transition of Market Supervision under the Background of Commercial Registration System Reform

我国既有市场监管模式形成于无限政府与小市场背景之下。市场主体守法主要依靠外部约束与控制,市场监管依靠政府＂唱独角戏＂且以资格审批为重心,在当今大市场环境下,亟需进行根本转型。商事登记制度改革旨在于＂前端＂放活、激发市场活力,是我国市场监管根本转型的切入点与催化剂。为实现这一转型,需要在监管理念上从小监管转向大监管,重视政府之外其他市场利益相关方的作用与监管主体地位;在政府监管机构上从分散转向整合,化解因机构设置＂碎片化＂带来的政府监管权＂分散化＂和监管低效率;在监管重心上从事前资格审批转向事中事后的信用监管,通过信用机制强化市场主体自律自治,并激发其守法守信的内生动力。

The existing market supervision mode in China has been developing under the background of unlimited government and small market.Market players obey the laws relying mainly on external constraints and control.Market supervision relies on the government’s＂playing a monodrama＂and puts emphasis on examinations and approvals of qualifications.In today’s environment of big market,a fundamental transformation is urgently needed.The reform of commercial registration system,which aims at reducing the＂frontend＂requirements and stimulating market vitality,is the starting point and catalyst for the fundamental transition of China’s market supervision.In order to realize this aim,we need to transform the idea of supervision from small supervision to big supervision,attaching importance to the role and the principal status of various market stakeholders besides government.We also need to integrate government regulatory agencies to countervail the decentralization of government’s regulatory power and the inefficient of government’s supervision caused by the fragmentation of mechanism setting.Additionally,the focus of market supervision should be placed in credit supervision in and after the event rather than examinations and approvals of qualifications in advance.And a system of credit should be established to improve market player’s self-regulation and selfgovernment and stimulate their internal motivation to obey the law and keep trustworthy.