煤矸石充填复垦地土壤理化性质的时空变化特征

SPATIOTEMPORAL VARIATION OF PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF RECLAIMED SOIL IN COAL FANGUE FILLING LAND

为研究煤矿区煤矸石充填复垦地土壤理化特性的时空变化,以淮南张集矿煤矸石复垦区为研究对象,采取室外田间小区试验和室内试验分析方法,选取不同覆土厚度<50 cm、50~60 cm、60~70 cm、70~80 cm、>80 cm(依次命名为A^E)共5类试验地块,分别于2012年与2016年对复垦区土壤容重、水分、pH值、养分等因素进行研究,并分析煤矸石作为充填基质的复垦效应,采用模糊综合评判法评判各复垦地块土壤质量。结果显示:土壤容重随复垦时间增加呈现下降趋势;土壤含水量随时间呈上升趋势;2016年各地块土壤pH值较2012年皆呈现下降趋势,且复垦地养分含量普遍高于2012年对应的复垦地;从2012—2016年,复垦地块各理化指标变异系数显著减小;2016年A、D两地块的土壤质量综合指标值较2012年分别下降了38.7%、13.12%,B、C、E则上升了68.71%、9.61%、27.0%。

In order to study the spatiotemporal variation of physical and chemical properties of reclaimed soil in coal gangue filling land in coal mine area,this paper took the coal gangue reclamation area of Zhangji coal mine in Huainan as the object,and carried out outdoor field test and laboratory test on the selected filed with different covering soil thickness（ 50 cm,50 ~60 cm,60 ~ 70 cm,70 ~ 80 cm, 80 cm）. Soil bulk density,water content,pH value and nutrient factors were studied and analyzed. The fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method was used to judge the soil quality of each reclaimed land. The results showed that the soil bulk density decreased with the increase of reclaiming time,while soil water content increased with time.In 2016,the soil pH value of each land decreased compared with that in 2012,and the nutrient content of reclaimed land was generally higher than that in 2012. The coefficient of variation of physical and chemical indexes in reclamation land decreased significantly from 2012 to 2016. The comprehensive index values of soil physical and chemical properties in A and D land in2016 decreased by 38. 7% and 13. 12%,and that of B,C and E increased by 68. 71%,9. 61% and 27. 0%,respectively,compared with 2012.