现代有轨电车短枕埋入式轨道路基优化分析

Optimization Analysis of Short Sleeper Embedded Track Subgrade of Modern Tram

研究目的:为研究列车荷载作用下各关键影响参数对轨道路基结构的受力和变形影响规律,并获得轨道路基最优参数组合,本文通过建立有轨电车短枕埋入式轨道路基有限元分析模型,采用正交试验方法分析扣件刚度、轨道板厚度、支承层厚度、基床总厚度、基床压实指标K_(30)5种因素对轨道路基结构力学特性的影响,为弥补正交试验定量分析的不足,借助层次分析法确定各项评价指标权重系数,最终确定短枕埋入式轨道路基结构的最优参数组合。研究结论:(1)扣件刚度对钢轨位移影响最大,轨道板厚度对轨道板纵向弯矩和路基顶面动应力影响最大,基床压实指标K_(30)对基床顶面变形影响最大;(2)钢轨位移、轨道板弯矩、基床顶面位移和动应力的权重系数分别为0.085、0.583、0.043、0.289;(3)最佳轨道路基设计方案为扣件刚度40 kN/mm、轨道板厚度0.24 m、支承层厚度0.27 m、基床总厚度1.1 m、基床压实指标(K_(30))110 MPa/m;(4)综合运用正交试验和层次分析法可以将定性问题转换为定量问题进行求解,从而使得分析结果更加具有科学性和说服力;(5)本研究成果对有轨电车短枕埋入式轨道路基结构设计具有参考价值。

Research purposes： In order to study the influence of the of track subgrade structure under the train load and get the optimal key influence parameters on the stress and deformation parameters combination of the track subgrade, the finite element analysis model of short sleeper embedded track subgrade of tram is established, five factors to the track subgrade mechanical properties are studied with orthogonal test method, which are fastener stiffness, track plate thickness, thickness of the support layer, the total thickness of subgrade and subgrade compaction index K3o. In order to make up for the deficiency of quantitative analysis of orthogonal experiment, the weight coefficient of each evaluation index is determined by analytic hierarchy process （AHP）. Finally, the optimal parameters combination of short sleeper embedded track subgrade structure is determined.Research conclusions： （ 1 ） The stiffness of the fastener has the greatest influence thickness of the track stab has the greatest influence on the longitudinal bending dynamic stress at the top of the subgrade, and the subgrade compaction index K30 on the rail displacement, and the moment of the track slab and the has the greatest influence on the deformation of the top of the subgrade. （2） The weight coefficients of rail displacement, track slab bending moment, subgrade top displacement and dynamic stress are 0. 085, 0. 583, 0. 043 and 0. 289, respectively. （ 3 ） The optimal design scheme of track subgrade is fastener stiffness 40 kN / mm, the thickness of track plate of 0.24 m, the support layer thickness of 0.27 m, the total thickness of subgrade of 1.1 m, subgrade compaction index（K30 ） of 110 MPa./m. （4） Comprehensive use of orthogonal experiment and analytic hierarchy process can transform qualitative problems into quantitative problems, so that the analysis results are more scientific and convincing. （5）The research results have reference value for the design of tram short sleeper embedded track and subgrade.