载人飞船两种垂挂转换方案载荷比较及分析

Load Comparison and Analysis of Two Kinds of Suspension Conversion Schemes for Manned Spacecraft

为了对新一代载人飞船转垂挂载荷进行深入研究,优化结构设计,文章首先建立了转垂挂过程的动力学模型,通过与空投试验结果比对验证了模型的正确性。在此基础上,针对标称工况、主伞阻力面积偏小工况、返回舱质量偏大工况,计算得到无阻尼缓冲装置和有阻尼缓冲装置两种转垂挂方案对应垂挂转换过程中垂挂吊带载荷及返回舱过载。结果表明:最小载荷出现在主伞阻力面积偏小工况下,最大载荷出现在返回舱质量偏大工况下;各种工况下,阻尼缓冲装置对降低垂挂转换过程中的过载能起到一定的效果;载荷越大的工况阻尼缓冲装置的缓冲效果越差。文章的建模方法和分析结果对新一代大载重载人飞船的论证有一定借鉴意义。

In order to study suspension conversion load and optimize structure design for new generation manned spacecraft, the dynamic model of suspension conversion process is established in this paper, simulation model is confirmed by comparing airdrop test data. In normal working mode, reducing main parachute area mode, increasing capsule weight mode, hanging rope tension and capsule overload of suspension conversion process is obtained by hanging rope and hanging rope with buffer. Results show that minimum load occurs in reducing main parachute area mode, maximum load appears in increasing capsule weight mode, the damping buffer device has certain effect on reducing the load in all of modes. The load is larger, the buffer effect is worse. The results of this paper have certain reference significance for the demonstration of the new generation manned spacecraft.