网络恐怖主义的演变、发展与治理

The Evolution,Development and Governance of Cyber Terrorism

网络恐怖主义属于恐怖主义的类型之一,它是一种新的恐怖战术,而不是新的恐怖形式。它以网络为攻击对象、犯罪工具或战略资源使其区别于传统的恐怖主义;以政治诉求为最终目的使其区别于一般的黑客行为。它大致经历了从对象型到工具型再到空间型、从单向型到互动型再到交叉型的演变过程,这既与网络技术的变革同步,又与恐怖组织结构的变化相关。在网络科技发展日新月异和传统恐怖活动备受打压的双重背景下,网络恐怖主义的专业化水平提高、分散化趋势明显、隐蔽性日益增强。我国治理网络恐怖主义要根据不同的类型采取防、反相结合的技术手段,从动态视角促进相关法律规范之间的有效衔接,借助大数据技术构建立体联动的信息共享、信息联动等反恐工作机制。

As one of the types of terrorism,cyber terrorism is a new terror tactic rather than a new form of terror. It takes the network as attack object so the criminal tools or strategic resources are different from traditional terrorism. It takes political demands as its ultimate goal,so it is different from the general hacking behavior. It has generally experienced the evolution from object-oriented type to tool-oriented type and then to space-oriented type,from unidirectional type to interactive type and then to cross-type. This is not only synchronous with the change of network technology,but also related to the structure change of terrorist organization. With the rapid development of network technology and the suppression of traditional terrorist activities,cyber terrorism has become more specialized,diversified and disguised. To combat cyber terrorism,we must take defensive and counter measures according to different types. A dynamic perspective enables to promote effective connection between legal norms. Big data technology helps to build such anti-terrorism mechanisms as three-dimensional linkage of information sharing and information linkage.