牛支原体疫苗的研究进展

Advances on the Research of Vaccine Against Mycoplasma bovis

牛支原体(Mycoplasma bovis,M.bovis)是一种造成全世界范围内育肥牛和奶牛多种疾病综合征的重要病原体。临床症状主要包括长期性肺炎及多发性关节炎(CPPS)、呼吸道疾病综合征(BRD)、乳腺炎及生殖器官疾病。牛支原体能感染多种组织和器官,也能从健康的牛体内分离,是威胁畜牧业生产的主要病原体。由于临床上抗生素治疗效果不佳,预防或控制牛支原体感染最好的选择是研发有效的商业可用的疫苗。牛支原体疫苗的研究已历经多年,虽然存在很多问题,但也取得了一定进展。文章对牛支原体弱毒疫苗、灭活疫苗及亚单位疫苗的研究进展进行了总结,并讨论了疫苗设计的优化方案,为合理设计和研发有效的牛支原体防控技术提供参考。

Mycoplasma bovis（M.bovis）is a pathogen that causes a variety of diseases in beef cattle and dairy cows around the world.Clinical symptoms include chronic pneumonia and polyarthritis syndrome（CPPS）,bovine respiratory disease complex（BRD）,mastitis and genital disorders.M.bovis can infect a variety of tissues and organs,and can also be isolated from healthy cattle.It is the major causative agent that threatens livestock production.Due to the resistance to antibiotic therapy,the best option of preventing and controlling the infection of M.bovisis to develop effective commercially available vaccines.The research on the vaccine of M.bovis has been going on for many years.Despite some problems,the M.bovis vaccines have made some good progress.In this paper,the advances on the research of attenuated vaccines,inactivated vaccines and subunit vaccines against M.bovis were summarized,and the optimization plan of vaccines design were discussed,which could provide reference for the rational design and development of effective M.bovis control techniques.