黑胸散白蚁对不同材料及3种处理方法偏好性的研究

Research on food preference of Reticulitermes chinensis to nine natural materials and three treatments to Zea mays,Populus alba,and Cedrus sp.

为了寻找对黑胸散白蚁具有高诱食性的物质及处理方法对其取食偏好性的影响,本研究共选取了9种材料,通过测定其嗅觉反应,筛选出选择系数>0.1的玉米杆、杨木和雪松;然后,对这3种材料分别进行了蒸煮、自然腐朽和人工接菌处理,测定其嗅觉反应并进行选择性取食量验证。结果表明,蒸煮处理可提高玉米杆和杨木对黑胸散白蚁的引诱力,但对雪松无此作用,并且蒸煮处理对选择性取食量无显著影响;腐朽处理可提高玉米杆、杨木和雪松的引诱力,但仅对玉米杆和杨木的选择性取食量存在显著影响;人工接种3种木腐菌,均可提高玉米杆对黑胸散白蚁的引诱力,且能够显著提高散白蚁对密粘褶菌玉米杆粉培养物和杨木粉培养物的选择性取食量。结果表明,玉米杆和杨木对黑胸散白蚁具有较好的引诱性,且经过腐朽处理或人工接种密粘褶菌后,可明显改善其诱食效果。因此,在研制针对黑胸散白蚁的毒饵技术时,可采用这两种诱食材料作为基饵。

In order to demonstrate food preference of Reticulitermes chinensis to different natural materials and treatments,this research tested olfactory response of R.chinensis to 9 natural materials.Then,olfactory response and selectivity consumption of R.Chinensis to Zea mays,Populus alba,and Cedrus sp.that treated by cooking,natural decay,or infected by 3 wood-rotting fungi resepectivily were measured.Results showed that cooking could increase the phagostimulant activity of Z.mays and P.alba,and influence of cooking on food consumption of R.chinensis were not significant; natural decay increased the phagostimulant activity of 3 materials and selectivity consumption of termite to Z.mays and P.alba were obvious higher than CK; artifical inoculation with 3 wood-rotting fungi increased the attractive activity of Z.mays,and selectivity consumption of termite to Z.mays and P.alba infected with Gloeophyllum trabeum were significantly higher than CK.In conclusion,the attractive activity of Z.mays and P.alba on R.chinensis was better,and the phagostimulant effect of it was significantlyimproved through natural decay and artifical inoculation with G.Trabeum.Therefore,Z.mays and P.alba can be applied in baiting technology of R.chinensis.