麻黄多糖的提取分离与结构表征研究进展

Study progression on extraction,separation,and characterization of polysaccharides from Ephedra Herba

麻黄药用历史悠久,历代本草均有收载,时至今日仍是临床常用中药之一。现代研究中,麻黄碱、伪麻黄碱等苯丙胺类生物碱曾一直被认为是麻黄的主要药效成分,其多糖类成分则作为非药效物质而被除去。然而近年来,越来越多的研究表明,麻黄中的多糖类成分是其不可或缺的药效物质基础,对其药效发挥起着重要作用,因此,麻黄多糖的研究也越来越受到研究人员的重视,并取得了突出的研究成果。本文就麻黄多糖的提取工艺、分离纯化、含量测定和结构表征等研究进行了系统综述,以期为麻黄多糖合理的开发和利用提供参考和借鉴。

Ephedra Herba with a long medicinal history has been recorded in materia medica monographs of past successive dynasties.Nowadays, it is still one of the most commonly medicines used in clinical.The alkaloids in Ephedra Herba, such as ephedrine and pseudoephedrine ,had long been considered as the major efficacy components of Ephedra Herba,while the polysaceharides from Ephedra Herba were removed as non-medicinal components. However,in recent years, the increasingly studies have shown that the polysaccharides as indispensable therapeutic components play an important role in the efficacy of Ephedra Herba. Polysaccharides from Ephedra Herba as an important medicinal component were also focused by researchers gradually, which led to significant achievements.In this paper,the extraction technology,separation and purification,content determination and structural characterization of Ephedra Herba polysaceharides were systematically reviewed to provide reference for the rational development and utilization of Ephedra Herba polysaccharides.