双相情感障碍住院患者色彩偏好实验研究

Experimental study on color preference of inpatients with bipolar disorder

目的探讨双相情感障碍住院患者色彩偏好特点及其对患者情绪的影响。方法采用对偶比较法进行研究,纳入213例双相情感障碍患者作为研究组,分别于治疗前、治疗6周后进行色彩偏好实验,并与健康对照组进行比较。结果双相情感障碍患者色彩偏好顺序由强到弱依次为红、绿、蓝、黄、橙、紫、白、黑、灰,双相躁狂患者偏好红色,双相抑郁患者偏好蓝色,治疗后双相躁狂患者冷色调(蓝、绿)上升、暖色调(红、黄)下降,双相抑郁患者冷暖均有上升(蓝、红)或下降(黄、绿),治疗前后各色彩偏好程度差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。与对照组比较,色彩偏好序列倾向一致(u=2.815,P<0.01),在冷色调(绿、蓝、紫)及无彩色(白、黑、灰)6种颜色顺序存在差异,仅黑色、灰色偏好得分差异有显著性(P<0.01)。结论双相情感障碍患者对色彩的偏好受其情感症状的影响,合理调节冷、暖色调有助于稳定患者情绪,减少临床风险。

Objective To investigate the characteristics of color preference in patients with bipolar disorder and its effects on the mood of patients. Methods 213 patients with bipolar disorder were enrolled in the study group using the dual comparison method,the color preference test was performed before and after 6 weeks treatment,and the control group was compared with the healthy control group. Results For patients with bipolar disorder,color preference order from strong to weak were red,green,blue,yellow,orange,purple,white,black,and grey. The preference was red for bipolar mania patient,and blue for bipolar depression patient. After the treatment,the preference of cold colors（ blue and green） was increased and the preference of warm colors（ red and yellow） was decreased in patients with bipolar mania. And there were both rise and decline in the preference of cold and warm colors in patients with bipolar depression. There were no statistically significant difference in the color preference between before and after treatment. Compared with the control group,color preference sequence was consistent（ u= 2. 815,P〈0. 01）,and there were differences in 6 color sequences including cold colors（ green,blue and purple） and non-colors（ white,black and grey）. Only black and gray preference scores had significant difference（ P〈0. 01）. Conclusion The color preference of patients with bipolar disorder is affected by the emotional symptoms,and the reasonable adjustment of cold and warm colors can help to stabilize the mood of patients and reduce the clinical risk.