“六性”在核电厂人因工程设计中的应用研究

Applied research on Human Factors Engineering in the design of Nuclear Power Station Based on "Six Indexes"

维修、调试、试验是核电厂的重要生产活动,其中所产生的人误导致系统潜在失效是人员可靠性分析的重要对象。在大型核电站在自主设计研发之初,利用以可靠性技术为核心的六性技术的分析设计成果,从维修保障、安全、环境方面几方面,对系统或设备设计过程中的人因因素进行识别与考虑,发现能够在不增加系统或设备负责人设计任务的前提下,在设计阶段就对人因工作进行考虑,从而能提高运行阶段组织管理效率,实现人因设计的闭环管理,最终达到提高运行维修人员绩效,减少人误率的目的。结果表明:六性的设计分析内容能够将人因工程所考虑的内容基本包含,并能很好的将信息进行传递。因此将人因要素进行识别并与六性工作相融合,为核电站系统设计中的人因分析工作提出了一种新的方法。

Maintenance, commissioning and testing are the important production activities of nuclear power plants. The potential failure of the system caused by human errors is an important object of personnel reliability analysis. At the beginning of independent large nuclear power plants design, we make the results of the analysis and design of six indexes with reliability technology as the core, the human factors in the system or equipment design process are identified from aspects of maintenance, safety and environment With consideration, we found that human affairs can be considered during the design stage without increasing the design tasks of the system or equipment owner, so as to improve the efficiency of organization and management in the operation phase and achieve the closed - loop manage- ment of human factors design, and ultimately achieve the goal of improving operation and maintenance personnel per- formance, reduce the error rate of purpose. The results show that the content of design analysis of six indexes can basieally contain the consideration of human factors engineering and can transmit the information well. Therefore, human factors are identified and integrated with the work of the six indexes, and proposed a new method for human factors analysis in the design of nuclear power plant system.