广州地区某哨点医院2013-2016年度流行性感冒流行态势

Epidemic situation of influenza in a hospital in Guangzhou between 2013-2016

目的通过对在广州医科大学附属第一医院就诊的流感样病例的流感病毒阳性结果进行流感态势分析,为流行性感冒疾病的防控提供科学数据支持。方法采用回顾性方法,收集本院2013-2016年间流感样病例流感病毒检测结果,进行甲乙型病毒间以及各月份和年龄间阳性率的比对,对流感状况进行分析。结果 2013-2016年共检测5 717例病例,甲型流感(FA)病毒阳性率与乙型流感(FB)阳性率相比,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=0.794,P<0.05);2014年流感阳性率明显高于2013年和2015年,2016年也有暴发流行的趋势;2013年与2015年流感流行于夏季,2014年与2016年流感流行于冬春两季,甲型流感与乙型流感有同时暴发的迹象;0~岁年龄组流感阳性率最高。结论流感暴发呈现季节性,具有隔年盛行、婴幼儿易感的特性,且甲型流感阳性率高于乙型流感。

Objective To provide scientific data for the prevention and control of influenza virus,we analyzed influenza virus detection results of patients in the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University. Methods The influenza virus detection results of patients in the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University during 2013 to 2016 were collected and analyzed by retrospective method. The positive rates of influenza A virus and influenza B were compared and analyzed for the epidemic seasons of influenza virus and age distribution of influenza virus infection. Results In 2013 to2016,5 717 patients who were infected with influenza were detected;there was statistical significance difference between the positive rate of influenza A（FA）virus and influenza B（FB）（χ^2=0.794,P〈0.05）. The positive rate of influenza virus detection in 2014 was significantly higher than that in 2013 and 2015,and there was also an outbreak of epidemic in 2016.Influenza was epidemic in summer of 2013 and 2015,while the trend changed to winter and spring in 2014 and 2016.Furthermore,simultaneous outbreaks of influenza A and influenza B were seen in our retrospective analysis. The influenza positive rate was highest in 0～ year old group. Conclusion The influenza viruses in this region were seasonal epidemic,annual alternately distributed,and prevalent in infants and young children. The positive rates of FA virus was significantly higher than that of FB virus.