关于小儿重症病毒性脑炎的康复护理对策及效果评价

Rehabilitation nursing countermeasures for children with severe viral encephalitis

目的研究康复护理措施对小儿重症病毒性脑炎的康复效果及预后的影响。方法选取2013年6月至2015年6月本院接诊的120例tbJL重症病毒性脑炎患者进行研究，按照随机数表法均分为研究组和对照组。对照组给予常规治疗措施及护理，研究组给予康复护理措施进行护理干预。治疗联合护理1月后，观察比较两组症状及体征消失时间，并对患者康复效果进行评估分析。治疗后1年，比较分析两组伤残状况。结果研究组意识障碍、颅神经障碍、肢体障碍及惊厥的消失时间明显短于对照组，差异有统计学意义（均P〈0．05）。研究组康复效果明显优于对照组（91．67％比78．33％），差异有统计学意义（x2=4．1830，P=0．0408）。研究组语言障碍、智力低下、肢体障碍及行为异常发生率明显低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（均P〈0．05）。结论康复护理措施可显著改善小儿重症病毒性脑炎患者的康复效果，缩短患儿康复时间，降低患儿伤残率，值得广泛推广应用。

Objective To study the effect of rehabilitation nursing care on the rehabilitation and prognosis of children with severe viral encephalitis. Mebods 120 children with severe viral encephalitis treated at our hospital from June, 2013 to June, 2015 were selected as study objects and were randomly divided into a study group and a control group using random number table method, 60 for each group. The control group were routinely treated and cared. The study group were intervened with rehabilitation nursing measures. After 1 month＇s treatment and nursing care, the times for the disappearance of symptoms and signs of the two groups were observed and compared. The rehabilitation effect was evaluated and analyzed. After 1 year＇s treatment, the status of disability in the two groups was compared and analyzed. Results The times for the disappearance of consciousness disturbance, cranial nerve disorders, limb disorders, and convulsion were significantly shorter in the study group than in the control group, with statistical differences （all P 〈 0.05）. The rehabilitation effect was significantly better in the study group than in the control group （91.67% vs. 78.33%）, with a statistical difference （2＂2=4.1830, P=0.0408）. The incidences of language disorders, mental retardation, limb disorders, and behavioral abnormalities were significantly lower in the study group than in the control group, with statistical differences （all P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion Rehabilitation nursing measures for children with severe viral encephalitis can significantly improve the rehabilitation effect, shorten the rehabilitation time, and reduce the disability rate, so it is worth being widely genealized.