2008-2016年浙江省义乌市手足口病流行特征研究

Epidemiological characteristics of hand, foot and mouth disease in Yiwu, 2008-2016

目的分析浙江省义乌市手足口病流行特征,为该市手足口病的精准防控提供科学依据。方法从中国疾病预防控制信息系统收集手足口病的个案信息,用Excel 2013软件建立数据库并对其流行特征和病原学检测情况进行分析。结果 2008-2016年义乌市共报告手足口病病例32 554例,其中男性20 613例,女性11 941例,不同年份的男女性别比不完全相同(χ~2=41.939,P=0.001);死亡12例,病死率0.04%,10例为肠道病毒71型感染,2例为其他肠道病毒感染。全年均有病例报告,其中4-7月报告的病例数最多,占60.64%(19 742/32 554),不同年份的月度分布不完全相同(χ~2=9 159.738,P=0.001)。稠城街道、江东街道、北苑街道和稠江街道报告的病例数最多,占义乌市所有报告病例数的65.33%(21 267/32 554),其他9个街道(镇)也均有病例报告。病例以≤5岁的散居儿童和幼托儿童为主,占95.76%。结论义乌市手足口病主要集中在≤5岁儿童,每月均有病例发生,疫情有进一步上升的趋势,需要采取更有针对性的措施加以防控。

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of hand, foot and mouth disease （HFMD） in Yiwu, Zhejiang province, and provide evidence for the local prevention and control of HFMD. Methods The incidence data of HFMD in Yiwu during 2008-2016 were collected from National Notifiable Infectious Disease Reporting System. The database was established with Excel and the epidemiological and etiological analysis were conducted respectively. Results A total of 32 554 hand foot and mouth cases, including 12 deaths （0.04%） , were reported during this period. Among the reported cases, 20 613 occurred in males and 11 941 occurred in females. The gender distribution of the cases differed with year （X2=41.939, P = 0.001 ）. Among the reported cases, 10 were Enterovirus 71 （EV71 ） infections, 2 were other enterovirus infections. The cases were reported all the year round, but the cases reported during April-July accounted for high proportion （60.64%） （19 742/32 554）. The monthly distribution of the cases varied with year （X2 = 9 159.738, P = 0.001 ）. Most cases （65.33%） （21 267/32 554） were reported in Choucheng, Jiangdong, Beiyuan, and Choujiang communities. About 95.76% of cases occurred in children aged ≤ 5 years. Conclusion Most HFMD cases occurred in children aged ≤ 5 years and cases were reported in every month. More cases might occur in 2017, it is necessary to take targeted prevention and control measures.