中国抗精神病药物治疗精神分裂症患者P300潜伏期和波幅变化的Meta分析(英文)

Meta-analysis of studies in China about changes in P300 latency and amplitude that occur in patients with schizophrenia during treatment with antipsychotic medication

背景事件相关电位研究表明,精神分裂症患者的认知功能损害与P300的潜伏期和波幅有关,但尚不清楚这些认知功能的改变是否会随着药物治疗而改变。目的汇集中国的随访研究,确定抗精神病药物治疗与P300成分改变的关系。方法手工和电子检索1982年1月至2011年12月在中国进行的、以中文或英文发表的文献,内容为抗精神病药物治疗前后精神分裂症患者P300的潜伏期和波幅变化。2位评定者对12项符合Meta分析纳入标准的研究独立进行分析。12项研究中有17个样本的P300波幅峰值具有同质性,因而采用固定效应模型计算汇集的标准化效应值(pooledstandardized effect size,PSES);但P300潜伏期数值具有异质性,因而采用随机效应模型计算PSES。采用Egger's和Begg's检验及倒漏斗图分析发表性偏倚。结果汇集样本的611例受试者中,治疗前后完成P300潜伏期和波幅测试的502例(82.2%)纳入Meta 分析。发现抗精神病药物治疗与P300波幅微小但显著的增加有关(PSES=0.39, 95% CI [0.26, 0.51], z=6.14, p<0.001)及P300潜伏期微小但显著的减少有关(PSES= -0.29, 95% CI [-0.51, -0.07]; z=2.58; p=0.010)。无显著的发表偏移。结论既往西方的Meta分析主要是基于横断面研究,与此不同,中国的这一精神分裂症患者治疗随访研究的Meta分析发现P300波幅和潜伏期均随药物治疗而改变。提示P300成分,特别是P300波幅,可能是精神分裂症患者药物治疗期间监测认知功能变化的有价值的生物学标记。

Background: Studies using event-related potential (ERP) methods have reported a relationship between the cognitive dysfunction of patients with schizophrenia and P300 latency and amplitude, but it remains uncertain whether or not these indices change as cognitive functioning improves with pharmacological treatment. Aim: Pool the results from follow-up studies conducted in China to determine the relationship of treatment with antipsychotic medication to changes in P300 indices. Methods: Studies conducted in China and published in English or Chinese from January 1982 to December 2011 that reported P300 latency and amplitude in patients with schizophrenia before and after treatment with antipsychotic medications were identified by electronic and hand searches, and the 12 studies that met inclusion criteria for the meta- analysis were independently reviewed by two evaluators. The peak P300 amplitude results for the 17 samples reported in the 12 studies were homogenous so a fixed-effects model was used to assess pooled standardized effect size (PSES); but the results for P300 latency were heterogeneous so a random-effects model was used to compute PSES. Publication bias was assessed using Egger’s test, Begg’s test and funnel plots. Results: Of the pooled sample of 611 participants, the 502 participants (82.2%) who completed P300 latency and amplitude measures both before and after treatment were included in the meta-analysis. We found that antipsychotic treatment is associated with a small but significant increase in the amplitude of P300 (PSES=0.39, 95% CI [0.26, 0.51], z=6.14, p<0.001) and a small but significant decrease in the latency of P300 (PSES= -0.29, 95% CI [-0.51, -0.07]; z=2.58; p=0.010). There was no significant publication bias in either of the results. Conclusion: In contrast to meta-analysis from western countries — that are primarily based on cross-sectional studies — the current meta-analysis of follow-up treatment studies of schizophrenia in China found that P300 amplitude and latency both change with pharmacological treatment. These findings suggest that P300 indices, particularly P300 amplitude, could be valuable biomarkers to monitor changes in cognitive functioning during treatment of patients with schizophrenia.