不同界面改性茶粉／聚丙烯复合材料的制备与性能研究

Preparation and Properties of Tea Dust/Polypropylene Composites through Different Interface Modification

以茶叶废弃物为原料,磨成茶粉(TD),以聚丙烯为基体,分别采用马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯(MAPP)、硅烷偶联剂(KH550)和异氰酸苯酯(MDI)作为界面改性剂,采用密炼的方法混合得到复合材料,然后注塑样条进行测试。采用万能力学试验机测试复合材料的拉伸性能,扫描电镜(SEM)观察复合材料的微观形貌,热重分析仪(TGA)测试复合材料的耐热性能,并对复合材料的吸水性能进行了测试。结果显示,对茶粉填充聚丙烯复合材料,MAPP是一种良好的界面改性剂,有效地改善了茶粉和聚丙烯的界面相容性,在茶粉的质量分数为10%~40%的范围内,拉伸强度提高了7.6%,而在茶粉质量分数达到50%时,拉伸强度提高了17.6%。但是,MAPP这种良好的界面改性方法使得茶粉填充聚丙烯复合材料的耐热性能和吸水性能略微下降。KH550和MDI的界面改性方法没有达到理想的界面改性效果,引起茶粉在一定程度上发生聚集,复合材料的拉伸强度略微下降。

Wasted tea biomass was milled into tea dust to be used as filling material, tea dust/PP composites were manufactured by internal mixing and injection molding machine with polypropylene （PP） as matrix, maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene （MAPP） and 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane （KH550） and methylenediphenyl diisocyanate （MDI） as interface modification agents. Universal mechanical testing machine was used to test the mechanical properties of the obtained composites, scanning electron microscope was used to characterize the microstructure, thermogravimetric analyze was used to test its thermal properties. And water adsorption properties of the composites were also tested. The results show that the interracial compatiability between tea dust and PP was improved effectively. So MAPP and MAPP are efficient interface modification agents. After the addition of MAPP, the tensile strength of the composites was improved by 7.6% with the tea dust content in the range of 10% -40%, while the tensile strength is improved by 17.6% when the tea dust content arrives at 50%. Whereas the excellent interface modification agent MAPP makes the thermal property and water adsorption decrease slightly. KH550 and MDI do not exert ideal interface modification effect. For they would arouse the aggregation of tea dust and thus the tensile strength of the composites decrease slightly.